FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2018

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/695

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Przeglądaj FPUTS seria Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica, 2018 wg Data wydania

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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Comparison of Recording Results of Purebred and Crossbred Charolaise Cattle in Poland
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Przysucha, Tomasz; Gołębiewski, Marcin; Slósarz, Jan; Kuczyńska, Beata; Puppel, Kamila; Kunowska-Slósarz, Małgorzata; Kalińska, Aleksandra; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
    The aim of the study was to compare purebred and crossbred Charolaise cattle in respect to their compliance with the breeding goals and standards adopted by the Polish Association of Breeders and Producers of Beef Cattle. The study was based on data for the years 2002–2015 from the PABPBC and for the years 1996–2001 from the National Center of Animal Breeding (NCAB). The properties that were evaluated were the average weight of cows [kg], average body weight of calves after birth [kg], average daily weight gain of calves from birth to 210 days [g], average body weight of calves at 210 days [kg] and average milk yield of cows [kg]. Gradual decline in the share of the national Charolaise beef cattle population was observed as well as sSignificant decrease in the number of crossbreds with Charolaise breed. The aerage weight of cows in 2005–2006 amounting to 559.4 and 570.2 kg (for purebred) and 556.6 and 561.1 (for crossbred) meet the breeding standards for of cows entered in the initial part of the herd book, which define the minimum weight of Charolaise cows after first calving as 550 kg. The average daily weight gain of calves increased considerably in the last years of analysis. The daily body gain of purebred calves was usually higher in purebred population. The daily gains of heifers and bulls were high and usually exceeded 1000 g. For both populations growing trend of daily body gain could be observed. According to breeding standards, body weight at weaning for both heifer and bull calves were at a medium level. The average weight of bull calves was approx. 20 kg higher than the average weight of heifer calves of the same age in both purebred and crossbred populations.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Content of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Mo in the Spleen of Moose (Alces Alces L.) from Northeastern Poland
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Skibniewski, Michał; Skibniewska, Ewa M.; Gałązka, Aneta; Kołnierzak, Marta; Kmieć, Hubert; Department of Morphological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland; Department of Biology Environment Animals, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
    The study was performed to assess the concentrations of heavy metals: cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) as well as essential elements: copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) in the spleen of moose from Northeastern Poland. The animals studied were divided into two age groups (juvenile individuals up to 2 years old and mature animals older than 2 years).The concentrations of selected elements in the collected samples was determined by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean concentrations in the organs examined were: 2.28, 0.10, 8.36, 25.29 and 0.22 mg ∙ kg–1 wet weight, respectively for cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and molybdenum. Although higher values were found in older individuals, both age groups did not differ statistically. In the analysis of relations between selected metals we noted statistically significant correlations between following pairs of elements: zinc and molybdenum (r = 0.58), cadmium and copper (r = 0.56) and cadmium and molybdenum (r = 0.55). The cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, and molybdenum levels in the moose spleen was higher in the group of the older individuals than in the younger ones. Although there are no reference values for the cadmium and lead concentrations in the moose spleen the mean values observed can be considered high because they correspond to the levelsbregistered in the organs of other ruminant species living in the industrial regions. This phenomenon is due to the presence of a few older individuals with high levels of those metals in the spleen among investigated animals.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Association of Polymorphism of Choosen Genes with Production Traits in Dairy Cattle
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Jadwiżak, Weronika; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Polymorphisms of DGAT1, ABCG2, SCD1 and PPARGC1A genes significantly affect the milk, fat and protein yield and chemical composition of milk. Depending on the type of polymorphism, they increase or decrease the milk, fat and protein yield as well as fat and protein content in milk. Based on the research carried out by numerous authors, it can be concluded that genotyping animals for polymorphism of selected genes and using this information in breeding programs for selection supported by markers, which will allow the development of populations with the most desirable production characteristics is right.
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    Polish Consumers’ Awareness and Knowledge about Functional Food
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Przeor, Monika; Flaczyk, Ewa; Kmiecik, Dominik; Kobus-Cisowska, Joanna; Bueschke, Marzena; Kulczyński, Bartosz; Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
    Nowadays, we observe an increase in the incidence of lifestyle diseases. Consumers expect higher quality as well as additional features in food products. It is an effect of increasing awareness about the possibility of regulation of metabolism by food nutrients. Food industry created functional food as a response to societal demands. Originally, functional food has appeared in Japan, and there is still the most extensive range of this kind of food. In Europe it is also well known for technologists and nutritionists. However, it seems to be unexplored by common consumers. Functional food aims to improve the activity of human organism by improving its metabolism and physiological processes. Therefore, functional food intake is recommended for strengthening of certain body functions and for reducing the incidence of lifestyle diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of knowledge of Polish consumers about functional food, their interest in it and about consumption. The state of knowledge, opinion about functional food products properties and its effects on human body, were conducted with electronic survey. It was observed that the most of the respondents did not have adequate knowledge about functional food. Nutritional education is needed.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Waste from the Harvesting of Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) as a Source of Natural Melanin
    (Wydawnictwo Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Łopusiewicz, Łukasz; Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Natural melanins are of great potential value and application in the fields of pharmacology, cosmetics and functional foods. In the present study, natural melanin was reclaimed from waste after the harvesting of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). The physiochemical properties of raw and purified melanin were determined, including their ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), infrared (IR) and Raman spectra. Colour values, polyphenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activity were also evaluated. The result showed that the characteristics of the obtained pigments were similar to synthetic L-DOPA melanin. Raw and purified melanins showed differences in chemical composition, antioxidant activity and light barrier properties. Isolated melanins showed antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but were inactive against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This is the first research on the character of melanin reclaimed from waste after the harvesting of A. bisporus.
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    Assessment of Solar Radiation in the Region of Lake Miedwie for Recreational Purposes
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Kozmiński, Czesław; Michalska, Bożena; Department of Tourism, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    The aim of the paper is the assessment of the amount and variability of sums of global solar radiation, diffuse radiation and direct radiation in the area of Lake Miedwie and the resulting conditions for recreation. For this purpose, the study was based on hourly and 24-hour period measurements of the aforementioned types of radiation obtained from the Agrometeorological Station in Lipnik in the vicinity of Stargard in the period 2008–2017 – the measurements were taken using Delta T BF3 Sunshine Sensors. The temporal distribution of global, diffuse and direct radiation was determined according to hours, days, months, seasons and years with average and extreme values as well as coefficient of variation (W%). The percentage share of sums of diffuse and direct radiation in global solar radiation was calculated and, on the basis of skin erythema dose (SED), safe tanning time for people with blond, chestnut and dark hair was identified for a given day during the warm half-year in the region of Lake Miedwie. There is a high temporal variability and uneven distribution of the types of radiation observed from month to month as well as from year to year. Moreover, the predominance of direct radiation in spring, as compared with autumn, is more than two-fold and more than 18 times greater in summer than in winter. The course of annual radiation is characterised by the occurrence of several days-long periods of increased or reduced radiation sum. From the last days of March to the first decade of August, mean daily global solar radiation sums is above 4000 W · m–2, and from mid-April to the first days of August it exceeds 5000 W · m–2. From May to August the intensity of direct solar radiation around the noon on sunny days can be onerous and, with increasing sunbathing time, even hazardous to health.
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    The Association Between Erα/ Bgli Genotypes and Milk Performance in Holstein-Friesian and Jersey Cattle. Preliminary Study
    (Wydawnictwo Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Wasilewska, Małgorzata; Tabor-Osińska, Sara; Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Modern farming asks many questions which science has answers to. While selecting animals for further breeding, many aspects should be taken under consideration, like an animal's phenotypic and genetic features. Marker-assisted selection is a useful tool for judging an animal's genetic value. There are many well-known genetic factors responsible for efficiency of animal production and many of which still need to be studied in more depth. The following study examines the association between ERα/ BglI genotypes and milk performance in cattle. Two breeds were analysed in this study (Jersey and Holstein-Friesian red and white) and from the data gathered there is evidence to suggest that polymorphisms in the gene influences milk yield in these breeds. Three genotypes were identified: GG, AG, AA. The data pertaining to milk yield of both herds received from the farmers shows that the efficiency of milk production is the highest in the GG homozygotes and the lowest in the AG heterozygotes. This suggests a strong link between these genetic variants and the effective production of milk. However, to confirm the association between the polymorphic traits of the studied gene and milk production traits, it would be necessary to run a study on a larger group of cattle and to use infomration about their further lactation cycles.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Roadside Tree-Lined Alleys in Wolin Commune Open Landscape. Part I
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Dusza-Zwolińska, Elżbieta; Gamrat, Renata; Saran, Edyta; Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    In the years 2016–2017, dendrological and landscape studies were carried out in the selected area of the Wolin commune. Five alleys with a total length of 16 km between the forest ecological corridor and the Szczecin Lagoon were selected for the study. The aim of the study was to confirm the fulfilment of the natural and protective functions of these trees in the definition of ecological areas. The compositional-spatial features of the roadside have also been analysed. The study trails consisted of seven tree species ranging from 100 m to 1800 m, the most numerous of which were Acer platanoides (458) and Quercus robur (258). In terms of natural values, Acer platanoides (24–30 points) and Tilia cordata (23–27) gained the highest values, among the alleys – planting no II (26 points), I (22), III and V (20). The absence of traces of devastation of roadside trees and the presence of 15 wind turbines, would indicate a high ecological awareness of farmers and understanding for the use of renewable energy. Assessed ecological functions of alleys and their location indicated on their significant contribution to the conservation of biodiversity and protective functions. The health condition of the investigated alleys points out no significant threat factors. Biometric measurements of trees in the analysed alleys showed that the tree-lined roadside meets the requirements of ecological areas. Despite of the presence of wind turbines, which are strong visual dominant, the value of the studied area was highly valued, mainly due to the compositional and landscape diversity.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Mercury Accumulation Level in Meat and Organs of Farm and Game Animals
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Pietrzkiewicz, Katarzyna; Maliszewski, Gabriel; Bombik, Elżbieta; Department of Reproduction and Animal Hygiene, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Reproduction and Animal Hygiene, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Reproduction and Animal Hygiene, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
    When present in the environment in large concentration, mercury can pose serious danger to human and animal health and life. Mercury poisoning in human organism can lead to, for example: central nervous system damage, immune system disorders, kidney damage, hair loss and death. Besides its impact on public health, mercury also affects animal production, with a variety of poisoning symptoms in farm and game animals, lower birthrates, reduced production qualities and deaths. Mercury is considered a global threat to the environment, due to its ability to accumulate in living organisms. In modern times the main risks of exposure to mercury for people and animals are: contaminated food products and water. For this reason, mercury levels in animal meat and organs are regulated by national and international legislation. The aim of this study was to establish possible hygine and toxicologic risks related to mercury accumulation in meat and organs of farm and game animals accuired in Poland. Results of several studies on mercury content in meat and liver of farm and game animals have shown that the species of animal. its age, environment and diet can affect mercury accumulation levels. The data collected in Poland during last 10 years in Poland indicates that mercury levels remained low, with sporadic incidents of allowed levels being exceeded.
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    Assessment and Comparison of the Cariogenicity of the Girls and Boys Diet in the Selected Group of Young People Aged 15–16 Years Old
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Sadowska, Joanna; Daniel, Izabela; Department of Human Nutrition Physiology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Human Nutrition Physiology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Correct eating habits have a significant impact on the condition of teeth and periodontal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cariogenicity of the diet in a select group of young people aged 15-16 years old. The survey was conducted in June 2016 among 251 students attending middle schools in Szczecin (115 boys and 136 girls). The survey consisted of completing an anonymous questionnaire about eating habits and food intake that affect the formation of dental caries. The obtained results indicate a frequent occurrence among the young people of behaviors and food choices that contribute to the development of dental caries. These included the lack of regularity in eating meals (declared by 57.3% of respondents), frequent snacking between meals (declared by 72.8% of students), frequent eating sweets and sweetened products and drinking sweet beverages. Girls were characterized by less correct nutritional habits compared to boys, rarely ate the recommended amount of food, ate less regularly, drank less amount of fluids. While boys made worse dietary choices: they rarely than girls ate wholemeal bread, more often chose sweet cereal flakes, sweet yogurt and kefir and more often drink sweet drinks. Taking into account the observed irregularities, consisting of a significant number of improper eating behaviors affecting the cariogenicity of the diet, schoolchildren should be especially careful to take care of oral hygiene and participate in nutrition education. Additionally, dentists and dieticians should pay attention to the significance of good dietary habits in preventing dental caries and encourage their patients to correct their dietary habits that exacerbate dentition and periodontium diseases.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Practical Application of Lysozyme and its Content in Chicken Egg Albumen
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Banaszewska, Dorota; Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Pietranik, Piotr; Sposób, Hanna; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
    The aim of the study was to analyse the albumen of eggs of Ross 308 hens with particular focus on lysozyme and its potential applications. The research material comprised eggs from parent stock of Ross 308 meat chickens. A total of 200 eggs were assessed. Egg weight and albumen characteristics were assessed and lysozyme content in the egg white was determined. A meta-analysis showed that egg characteristics differ in hens of different genetic groups. Our research concerns meat chickens. In comparison to laying hens, eggs from these hens had a greater share of yolk and shell and a smaller share of albumen. The combined lysozyme content of both albumen fractions was about 0.3%. The eggs of laying hens can be assumed to have slightly higher lysozyme content, which may be significant in terms of the source of its acquisition for the needs of industry.
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    In Vitro Selection of Solanum Pimpinellifolium Plant Tolerant to NaCl
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Krupa-Małkiewicz, Marcelina; Kulpa, Danuta; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Salinity is a major abiotic stress for plant worldwide which can reduce the average yields of most major crops such as tomato by more than 50%. The response of tomato to salinity is variable depending upon the line or cultivar. The aim of this study was carried out to determine the variation in salt tolerance for wild genotypes of tomato S. pimpinellifolium. To initiate callus tissue different combination of plant growth regulators were added to MS medium. The tolerant forms were selected at the callus stage and the stage of plants regenerated through somatic embryogenesis. Callus culture and shoot explants were exposed to different levels of salinity stress ranging from 0 (control) to 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mM NaCl. The highest weight of dark green colour callus was observed on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg · dm–3 BAP and 2.0 mg · dm–3 IAA. It was shown that salt stress affected all growth parameters and addition to the MS medium 125 and 150 mM NaCl inhibited callus and somatic embryo initiation. The results obtained in this study suggested that S. pimpinellifolium somaclones isolated from callus selected on MS medium supplemented with 100 mM NaCl showed highest tolerance to salt stress.
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    Causes for Culling and Reproductive System Disorders in Jersey Cows in the Reproductive Period
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Pytlewski, Jarosław; Antkowiak, Ireneusz R.; Stanisławski, Daniel; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Rolińska, Karolina; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland; Computer Lab, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
    The aim of this study was to analyse culling causes and determine reproductive health disorders in Jersey cows in the reproduction period in a herd from the Wielkopolska region. Analyses were conducted on 331 Jersey cows. The material for analyses was collected for the years 2010–2015 from the performance records of dairy cows, the AfiFarm herd management programme and veterinary inspection records. Source data concerned causes of cow culling and reproductive system disorders found in the reproduction period (i.e. from calving to successful fertilisation). Culling causes were divided based on the criterion applied by the Polish Federation of Cattle Breeders and Dairy Farmers. In this study the shares of culling causes were determined and the frequency of individual reproductive system disorders in the reproduction period were calculated in terms of the division into primiparous and multiparous cows. Sterility and reproductive system disorders were the most frequent culling causes in Jersey cows. In turn, endometritis was the most frequent reproductive disorder in cows of this breed in the reproduction period. No statistically significant relationship was found between the age group of cows (primiparous vs. multiparous) and the frequency of specific reproductive system disorders. The incidence rate of reproductive system disorders in Jersey cows in the reproduction period may most probably be reduced at a continuous improvement of environmental factors affecting these animals.
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    The Effect of Soil Mulching on the Yielding of Hardy Kiwifruit Cultivars (Actinidia arguta) in Central Poland
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Marosz, Adam; Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland
    Kiwiberry, or hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) is a new pomological plant in Poland. There are many possibilities for setting up an orchard with this species. However, Actinidia is susceptible to late spring frost. Summer irrigation for good fruit yielding is required. In this experiment the effect of soil mulching on the yielding of five cultivars of hardy kiwi fruit was observed. The orchard was started in 2005, but the experiment was conducted from 2010–2015, when plants were full fruiting. Half of the line of each cultivar was mulched with straw, the other half was treated with an herbicide. No additional summer irrigation was provided. Yielding of actinidia cultivars was very varied, but the results showed that straw soil mulching improved the fruit yield of all cultivars. The highest total and commercial yield was recorded for the cultivars: ‘Ananasnaya’, ‘Geneva’, and ‘Weiki’. Generally, the commercial yield of plants mulched with straw was higher; from 0.83 to 1.98 kg per plant compared to the control which had herbicide stripes along the rows. .
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    The Milk Yield of Ukrainian Holstein Is Related to the Immunobiological Parameters of Blood of Calves
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Milostiviy, Roman; Antonenko, Petro; Kostyuk, Volodymyr; Vasilenko, Tatyana; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Dnepropetrovsk State University of Agriculture and Economics, Dnipro, Ukraine 1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Dnepropetrovsk State University of Agriculture and Economics, Dnipro, Ukraine 1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Dnepropetrovsk State University of Agriculture and Economics, Dnipro, Ukraine 1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Dnepropetrovsk State University of Agriculture and Economics, Dnipro, Ukraine 1National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Decrease in productive longevity of dairy cows in conditions of industrial dairy complexes causes another problem, which is connected with the timely replenishment of the herd with calves for replacement. Therefore, the cultivation of heifers has very great impact. Much attention is focused on early prediction of the future calves productivity for obtaining highly productive cows. At the same time, the growth rates and development in ontogenesis are studied very often, but blood values are rarely evaluated. In the literature available to us, there is little information about the relationship between calves' humoral and cellular immunity values with the future productivity of the cow. These indicators are traditionally used to characterize the immunobiological reactivity of an organism and the calves' health, and there is practically no information on their relationship to the productive longevity of a dairy cow. This is partly due to the difficulties associated with the duration of the research, since the cow must complete its productive life. A positive and reliable relationship is established between the immunobiological characteristics of calves' blood and their lifelong milk yield when they become a cow. The greatest correlation was noted between the milk productivity's indicators and bactericidal activity of blood serum (r = 0.63–0.69, P < 0.05). The relationship between cellular factors of body defense (phagocytic activity of neutrophils) and the immunoglobulins content of classes G and M with signs of milk productivity was less dense. It was, respectively, r = 0.31–0.41 and r = 0.58–0.63 (P < 0.05). This makes it possible to conclude that the studies conducted in this direction are promising, and assessing calves' immune status for predicting the yield of cow milk. The results obtained by us require further confirmation in a more significant number of animals.
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    Population Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Panaphis juglandis (Goeze, 1778) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Common Walnut (Juglans regia L.)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Krzyżanowski, Robert; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
    Common walnut (Juglans regia L.) has gained recognition in Poland as an ornamental species in city environments. More frequent use of walnut in the city landscape has induced a more thorough analysis of the factor that causes a significant decrease in the decorative values of this tree. The aim of this paper was to trace population dynamics and spatial distribution of Panaphis juglandis (Goeze 1778) occupying the J. regia trees. The studies were conducted on walnut trees (J. regia) in Siedlce in the years 2010–2012. Three tree stands in home gardens were selected for observation (H1, H2, H3) and one near the street (H4). Results showed that higher aphid population was found on the studied tree at the street stand in relation to the home gardens trees. P. juglandis were observed on trees growing in street-side stand, where it formed colonies along the main vascular vein on the top part only of the first three external leaflets.
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    Selected Training Systems for Various Types of Working Dogs
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Horoszewicz, Elżbieta; Iwaniuk, Marta; Niedziółka, Roman; Department of Cattle, Sheep and Milk Evaluation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Cattle, Sheep and Milk Evaluation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Cattle, Sheep and Milk Evaluation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
    The aim of the study was to characterize the basic training systems for the main types of working dogs used in Poland. The training system for each group aims to improve on the innate traits that identify the animal with the function it is to perform. A well-trained dog is focused on its handler, in whom it has complete confidence, developed through consistency and mutual respect while working together. Irrespective of the type of training conducted and the breed or working type, it is important to observe the principles of safety and welfare, and above all, to be patient and consistent in conducting exercises.
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    Genetic Background and Effects of Excessive Iron Storage in Different Mammalian Species
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Florczuk-Kołomyja, Patrycja; Kołomyja, Paweł; Gruszczyńska, Joanna; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
    Hemochromatosis is a metabolic disease associated with excessive iron storage in the body. At present, we distinguish between 5 types of this disease that differ in their genetic background and inheritance, as well as the frequency of occurrence. Due to the possibility of fatalities, excessive iron storage is a more serious disorder than its deficiency. In this disease, iron is accumulated in the body in the form of hemosiderin, a protein complex that store iron in cells. The occurrence of this disease was observed not only in humans, but also in other animal species such as the red deer, black rhinoceros, house mouse or domestic cattle. This article is a review of the current state of knowledge about hemochromatosis in humans, normal iron metabolism, and about the occurrence of this disease in the red deer and its impact on the biology and population of this species.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Alleviating Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Lead Toxicity in Goji (Lycium barbarum L.) in Vitro
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Krupa-Małkiewicz, Marcelina; Kruczek, Arleta; Pelc, Justyna; Smolik, Beata; Ochmian, Ireneusz; Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    Lead (Pb) is the most common heavy metal pollutant in the environment. The objective of the presented study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of exogenous 1 mM ASA on key growth and biochemical parameters in Lycium barbarum seedlings under heavy metal (Pb(NO3)2) stress in vitro. Nodal cutting with an axillaries bud were used as an explants. The results showed that lead accumulation in goji explants had negative influence on morphological parameters of plant growth, such as shoot and root length. Lead caused a significant reduction in chlorophylls and carotenoid content, increased lipid peroxidation and induced significant accumulation of proline in goji leaves. Addition to MS medium 1 mM ASA greatly alleviated Pb-induced growth inhibition and Pb-induced MDA and proline accumulation. Presence of ASA in the MS medium under heavy metal stress increased plant fresh and dry mass with no significant effect on plant water content.
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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Consumer Acceptance and Sensory Attributes of Selected Products Processed from Sea Buckthorn
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Stenka, Beata; Wilczyńska, Aleksandra; Department of Commodity and Quality Management, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland; Department of Commodity and Quality Management, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
    Increased interest of consumers in healthy food, supplying large quantities of biologically active substances is noticeable recently. Dynamically developing market of fruit and vegetables offers innovative products, including the group of so-called super fruits, previously unknown or unappreciated, with exotic flavours, rich in bioactive components. An example of such product is sea buckthorn. The aim of the study was to compare the sensory attributes and consumer liking of selected products made from sea buckthorn. The juices, nectars and jams made from sea buckthorn were analysed. Some of the tested products were purchased from the organic shop and some made from fresh fruit in the laboratory. Sensory evaluation was carried out by method. In consumer acceptance test the general appearance, transparency, aroma, taste, and overall liking were evaluated using a 9-pointhedonic scale. Additionally, the willingness to buy of tested products was assessed. The sensory characteristics of tested products were evaluated using Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). As a results it was concluded that juices and nectars from sea buckthorn are not accepted by consumers because of their bitter and sour taste and smell, while the sweet and fruity taste and aroma of jams encourage consumers to purchase them.