Wydanie 364(63)3 2022
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Pozycja Open Access Analysis of Polymorphism in the NUCB2 Gene and the Milk Production Traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian Cattle(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Szalast, Daria K.; Kowalewska, Inga; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, PolandThe aim of the study was to analyze the single nucleotide substitution polymorphism (SNP) located in exon 9 (1079 G>T, rs471862956) of the gene encoding nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) in relation to milk production traits such as milk, protein and fat yield and protein and fat content in milk. The research was carried out in a herd of Polish Holstein-Friesian black and white cattle, and genotyping of individual animals was carried out using PCR-RFLP. The most common genotype is the heterozygous genotype (0.53), and the more frequent allele is the T allele (0.52). The analysis of the obtained results showed that there are statistically significant relationships at the level of P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.01 between individual genotypes of the polymorphism studied and the considered milk performance characteristics. It was observed that individuals with the TT homozygous genotype were characterized by the highest values of such traits as: milk yield as well as fat and protein yield. However, in the case of animals of the homozygous GG genotype, it was observed that the milk obtained from them was characterized by the highest fat and protein content.Pozycja Open Access Assessment of Breeding and Milking Performance of Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White cows (HO) and Crosses with the Norwegian Red Breed (HO × NR)(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Pytelwski, Jarosław; Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, PolandThe aim of this study was to compare breeding performance traits (in heifers) and milking performance (primiparous cows) of the Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White breed (HO) with those of the Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White × Norwegian Red (HO × NR) F1 crosses kept under uniform environmental conditions. More advantageous breeding parameters and higher daily milk yields as well as lower daily contents of fat, protein, casein and dry matter and lower somatic cell counts in milk were recorded for F1 crosses (HO × NR) compared to purebred HO cows. In view of milk yield per lactation, greater contents of milk, fat and protein as well as lower concentrations of fat and dry matter in milk during the first 100 days in milk were found for crossbred primiparous cows. In turn, in the standard 305-day lactation milk coming from HO cows contained higher levels of protein and dry matter. In order to confirm the results obtained in this study it is advisable to con duct further investigations on a larger population of cows of both genotypes, including assessment of their functional and production traits over their productive lives.Pozycja Open Access Chemical therats in agriculture(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Pilarczyk, Maria; Konodyba-Rorat, Bogna; Faculty of Management, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland; Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, PolandFarm work is highly diverse and can be intense during growing seasons. It involves machinery and tools, close contact with animals and changing environmental conditions. Farmers face many dangers as part of their everyday duties, among them being chemical hazards such as pesticides, fuels and lubricants, mineral fertilizers and disinfectants. This risk is followed by dust generated when growing plants, feeding animals and cleaning the farm. Mineral fertilizers should be applied in a way that is safe for the health of humans, animals and the environment. Work related to the application of fertilizers may be performed only by healthy adults after appropriate training: any sick workers require medical certification before working with mineral fertilizers. In all cases, direct contact with the skin and eyes should be avoided, and mineral fertilizers, especially dusty ones, should only be spread on windless days. Pesticides are among the most harmful compounds to which farmers are exposed. The user is at risk during their use, as well as while they are stored in a warehouse when disposing of residues and empty packaging. A thorough knowledge of risk factors significantly increases work safety in agriculture.