Wydanie 354(53)1 2020

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/689

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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of Drying Temperature and Method of Extract Preparation on Antioxidant Activity of Edible Flowers of Some Ornamental Plant Species
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Stefaniak, Anna; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
    Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland Abstract. Edible flowers are a popular food ingredient in many regional cuisines, especially Asian and Middle Eastern ones. Drying is one of the most popular methods of preserving flowers. On the other hand, a common method of consuming dried edible flowers is to use them for preparing various kinds of beverages, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic ones. The paper presents the results of the laboratory analyses concerning the content of biologically active compounds in dried flowers in three temperature variants (~25°C, 35°C and 70°C), which were used to select the material constituting the basis for obtaining various types of water (infusions, decoctions, macerates) and alcohol extracts (with the use of 50%, 80% and 96% ethanol and repeated extractiong method using 96% EtOH), and then their antioxidant activity evaluation. The research material consisted of ornamental plant species with flowers of high biological value: Mimulus × hybridus L. (‘Magic Yellow’ and ‘Magic Red’), Hemerocallis × hybrida Hort., Monarda didyma L., Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (‘Sarah Bernardt’, ‘Dr. Alexander Fleming’ and ‘Karl Rosenfield’). The experiment was carried out in the years 2014–2015 in the Department of Horticulture of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. On the base of the chemical analyses results the most favourable drying temperature variant was selected for each tested flower cultivar. For flowers M. × hybridus L., M. didyma L. and H. × hybrida Hort. it was 35°C; dried flowers were characterised by the highest content of biologically active compounds and the highest antioxidant activity. In the case of three cultivars of P. lactiflora Pall. the most favourable drying temperature was ~25°C. Among the water and alcohol extracts of the studied edible flower species, the decoction indicated a higher content of antioxidant compounds. The highest values of antioxidant activity were observed in extracts prepared on the basis of peony flowers.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Evaluation of Sanitary and Veterinary Inspection Results of Deer in Poland in 2015–2018
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Górski, Krzysztof; Kondracki, Stanisław; Department of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
    The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency of lesions and qualitative changes in deer in Poland in 2015–2018. The results of the sanitary and veterinary examination of roe deer, fallow deer and red deer carried out by the Veterinary Inspectorate were analyzed. In 2015–2018, 719 916 roe deer, 27 540 fallow deer and 290 424 red deer were subjected to sanitary and veterinary examinations. The analysis included: emaciation, putrefaction, septicaemia and pyemia and other changes. It was found that in Poland in 2015–2018 the number of acquired deer increased. The number of roe deer, fallow deer and red deer in which lesions were found shows an upward trend. In the years 2015–2018 there was a significant increase in the percentage of occurrence of qualitative changes in deer in the form of putrefaction. In most cases, these changes were the reason why the carcasses were declared unfit for consumption. In the analyzed period there was a systematic increase in the percentage of deer carcasses deemed unfit for consumption in comparison to all examined. In recent years, quite frequent cases of hunters delivering carcasses with signs of improper handling of hunted game in the hunting ground and during transport have been registered. This is mainly due to the non-cleaning of gunshot wounds, improper and inaccurate eviscerating and bleeding, as well as the occurrence of local infusions. This may increase the number of carcasses declared unfit for consumption. The quality of the raw game meat supplied for processing depends on the skills of hunters. It is therefore advisable to increase the requirements and enforce hunters’ knowledge of the procedures in force when dealing with venison in the hunting ground. It is also important that collection centers provide proper conditions for storing carcasses.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Incidence of Spermatozoa with Morphological Changes in Semen Collected from Canine Epididymides
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Wysokińska, Anna; Chłopik, Angelika; Szablicka, Dorota; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce, Poland; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce, Poland; Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce, Poland
    The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence of spermatozoa with morphological changes in semen collected from canine epididymides. The study was conducted on five dogs with gonads obtained from them as a result of routine castration performed at a veterinary clinic. Epididymides were isolated after gonadal lavage with PBS fluid. Semen was collected by incising individual parts of the epididymis (caput, corpus, cauda) with a sterile scalpel, when placed in separate Petri dishes. Sperm morphology was prepared from the semen collected in this way. The preparations were stained with the SpermBlue method. The sperm morphology was assessed using a 100x immersion lens with a Nikon E-50i light microscope. In each preparation, the morphological structure of 200 spermatozoa was assessed, specifying the sperm cells with normal morphological structure and those with changes in their head, tail, and those with cytoplasmic droplets. Based on the performed study, it was found that there are differences in the incidence of sperm cells with morphological changes in individual sections of the epididymal duct. The largest share of spermatozoa with normal morphological structure was observed within the corpus of the epididymis. The most spermatozoa with head changes and with cytoplasmic droplets were found in semen collected from the epididymal caput. There were more than 14% more spermatozoa with head changes located in the epididymal caput than in the epididymal cauda (P ≤ 0.05). The semen collected from the cauda of the epididymis showed significantly more sperm cells with tail changes than in the remaining parts of the epididymis. As semen moved through the individual segments of the epididymis, the proportion of spermatozoa with head changes and cytoplasmic droplets decreased, while the proportion of spermatozoa with tail changes increased.