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Pozycja Open Access Assesment of the Size and Selected Traits of Pheasant Eggs(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2014) Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Banaszewska, Dorota; Bombik, Teresa; Majkowski, Patryk; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Animal Reproduction and Hygiene, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, PolandCelem niniejszej pracy była ocena wielkości i wybranych cech zewnętrznych oraz wewnętrznych jaj bażantów różnych odmian. Materiał badawczy stanowiło po 15 jaj kur bażanta królewskiego (Syrmaticusreevesii), bażanta srebrzystego (Lophuranyctemera) i bażanta zwyczajnego (Phasianus colchicus). Łącznie poddano ocenie 45 jaj. Jaja uzyskano z sześciu stadek bażantów (po dwa dla każdej odmiany bażantów) liczących po pięć osobników (kogut i cztery kury). Ptaki utrzymywano w jednakowych warunkach środowiskowych i żywieniowych. Ocenę jaj przeprowadzono według metodyki podanej przez Mroczka (1997). Jaja znoszone przez kury bażantów srebrzystych, królewskich i zwyczajnych różnią się istotnie wielkością, barwą skorupy i, w niewielkim stopniu, jej grubością. Największy udział w jajach, niezależnie od pochodzenia bażantów, miało białko (48,46–54,77%) i żółtko (36,32–38,69%); najmniejszy udział miała skorupa (12,30–15,19%). U wszystkich badanych odmian bażanta stwierdzono istotne współczynniki korelacji między masą jaj a masą ich białka (0,666–0,721), jak również między masą białka a masą żółtka jaj (0,631–0,702). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że bażanty srebrzyste, królewskie i zwyczajne, użytkowane w chowie zamkniętym, osiągają stosunkowo dobre wyniki reprodukcji, określane na podstawie zapłodnienia jaj i wylęgu zdrowych piskląt z jaj nałożonych i z jaj zapłodnionych.Pozycja Open Access Assessment of Peregrine Falcon (Peregrine falcon) Hatching in Private Breeding(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2014) Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Banaszewska, Dorota; Andraszek, Katarzyna; Bombik, Elżbieta; Wójcik, Ewa; Ostrowski, Dominik; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Animal Genetics and Horse Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Animal Reproduction and Hygiene, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Animal Genetics and Horse Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, PolandCelem pracy była ocena lęgów sokoła wędrownego w wybranym gospodarstwie indywidualnym na terenie województwa mazowieckiego. Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2006–2011 na dwóch parach sokołów wędrownych w wieku 7–12 lat. Od pary hodowlanej podbierano jaja, prowokując ją do ponownego składania jaj. Przeprowadzoną w pracy analizę lęgów oparto na następujących wskaźnikach: liczba zniesionych jaj przez dwie samice w systemie dwóch lęgów w jednym roku, procent zapłodnienia jaj, procent wylęgu piskląt. Ponadto w 2010 roku przeprowadzono porównanie wyników lęgów pochodzących z inkubacji sztucznej i lęgów naturalnych. Samice z obu par w każdym z dwóch lęgów łącznie znosiły maksymalnie do 8 jaj. Lepsze wyniki lęgu uzyskiwano z I lęgu. Z I lęgu uzyskano również większy odsetek wylęgu piskląt z jaj zapłodnionych, w porównaniu z lęgiem II. Nie stwierdzono żadnych różnic pomiędzy wynikami lęgu naturalnego i inkubacji sztucznej. W badanym okresie uzyskano od obu par sokołów łącznie 18 piskląt.Pozycja Open Access The Effect of Age on the Quality of Broiler Duck Meat(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2019) Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Banaszewska, Dorota; Brodzik, Urszula; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesThe aim of the study was to evaluate selected quality characteristics of duck meat depending on the age of the ducks. The material consisted of 100 Pekin – STAR 53 H.Y. crossbred meat ducks of French origin. The ducks were reared for 8 weeks. During the entire period they were reared in an intensive system as broilers. The breast muscles contained from 22.15% to 23.34% crude protein, and the content of this component increased slightly with the age of the ducks. There was a marked increase in crude fat content in these muscles. The leg muscles of the ducks contained less crude protein than the breast muscles (from 21.03% to 22.34%) and markedly more crude fat (from 4.17% to 6.80%). No changes were observed in cholesterol content in the muscles in successive weeks of rearing; only an increasing tendency was noted for cholesterol content as fat content increased in the muscles. The breast muscles contained on average from 2 to 22 μg of retinol and from 10 to 28 μg of gamma-tocopherol per 100 g of muscle tissue, while the leg muscles contained from 10 to 22 μg of retinol and from 10 to 30 μg of gamma-tocopherol. As in the breast muscles, age was not found to affect retinol content in the leg muscles, but the amount of gamma-tocopherol in the leg muscles changed in a reverse in direction as in the breast muscles, i.e. it increased with the age of the ducks. The lipids of the breast muscles of the ducks in weeks 6, 7 and 8 of rearing contained from 46.0% to 47.8% saturated fatty acids (SFA) and from 52.2% to 54.0% unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). An increase was observed in the share of UFA and a decrease in that of SFA between the ages of 6 and 8 weeks. The leg muscles contained markedly less SFA and more UFA than the breast muscles.Pozycja Open Access Epigenetics of reproduction(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Czubaszek, Magdalena; Andraszek, Katarzyna; Banaszewska, Dorota; Department of Animal Genetics and Horse Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Animal Genetics and Horse Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesEpigenetic research offers a significant opportunity to understand the role of environmental interactions on the genome and disease, while enabling modulation of these interactions in order to improve human health. Knowledge of both genetic and epigenetic changes is essential for identification of functional gametes and for fertility treatment. Future studies in both human and animal models may enable better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between altered DNA methylation in the sperm cell and infertility. It is currently unclear whether methylation defects found in the DNA of infertile sperm are primary or secondary defects. An understanding of what underlies DNA methylation disorders will be important for the development of successful fertility treatments. While epigenetic research will unquestionably expand our knowledge of general genetics, it is mainly valued for its innovative and comprehensive approach to molecular diagnostics and is directed towards clinical procedures.Pozycja Open Access Health-promoting properties of poultry meat in the context of diseases of civilization(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Woźniak, Eliza; Banaszewska, Dorota; Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesThe nutritional value and health-promoting properties of food are of increasing importance to the contemporary consumer. This is due to greater awareness of the link between diet and certain diseases of civilization. Consumption of meat and meat products, due to their nutritional and functional properties, can both cause and to some extent prevent diseases of civilization. Poultry meat, valued by consumers for its unique properties, is worthy of attention. It is an excellent source of easily assimilated, complete protein of high nutritional value. In comparison with other kinds of meat, poultry meat is easy to digest and less tough after cooking, because it contains fewer collagenous fibres. It also has fewer calories due to its low content of intramuscular fat. Poultry meat can be included in the diet of small children, pregnant women and elderly individuals, serving as an important source of protein and easily assimilated fat. Moreover, there is some evidence that its health-promoting properties may include reducing the risk of overweight and obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers, e.g. of the mouth, oesophagus or stomach.Pozycja Open Access Opinions of Students of Selected Areas of Study on Food Security and Food Safety(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2023) Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Banaszewska, Dorota; Andraszek, Katarzyna; Zaremba, Urszula; Kaim, Sabina; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, PolandIn every country and on every continent, food security is one of the most important and even fundamental human needs, and thus feeding people should be an overriding goal at the international, national, and even household level. Food security involves meeting three conditions – physical access to food, economic access to food, and production of healthy food ensuring a nutritionally optimal diet. The aim of the study was to assess basic knowledge of food security and safety among students of agriculture and medicine at the global and household level. The survey found a satisfactory level of knowledge on the subject of the research. Students indicate differences in the concepts of food security and safety as well as variation in economic access to food and the need to eliminate it. They indicate the causes of hunger and malnutrition, and particularly the need to ensure production of safe food. Most respondents regarded food security in their households as satisfactory and stated that an increase in income does not necessarily lead to an increase in expenditures on food. Irrespective of their area of study, the survey participants correctly identified the main causes of hunger and malnutrition in the world, as well as the regions and countries in which these phenomena occur. The main causes of hunger and malnutrition in the world were considered to be the increase in the population, authoritarian systems of government and associated armed conflicts, and unfair distribution of food.Pozycja Open Access Practical Application of Lysozyme and its Content in Chicken Egg Albumen(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2018) Banaszewska, Dorota; Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Pietranik, Piotr; Sposób, Hanna; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Health Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, PolandThe aim of the study was to analyse the albumen of eggs of Ross 308 hens with particular focus on lysozyme and its potential applications. The research material comprised eggs from parent stock of Ross 308 meat chickens. A total of 200 eggs were assessed. Egg weight and albumen characteristics were assessed and lysozyme content in the egg white was determined. A meta-analysis showed that egg characteristics differ in hens of different genetic groups. Our research concerns meat chickens. In comparison to laying hens, eggs from these hens had a greater share of yolk and shell and a smaller share of albumen. The combined lysozyme content of both albumen fractions was about 0.3%. The eggs of laying hens can be assumed to have slightly higher lysozyme content, which may be significant in terms of the source of its acquisition for the needs of industry.Pozycja Open Access Preliminary Analysis of the Production Performance of Edible Snails Helix Aspersa Aspersa Fed A Diet Supplemented With Calcium Pidolate(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2022) Kaim-Mirowski, Sabina; Banaszewska, Dorota; Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, PolandIn the last few decades there has been an upward trend in consumption of edible snails of the species Helix aspersa in European countries. In the 1990s the first Helix aspersa aspersa snail farms in Poland appeared, and the country’s heliculture now accounts for about 10% of European pro- duction. Parameters used to calculate the profitability of production play an important role in all farming systems; in the case of snails these include the feed conversion rate and yield (kg per m²). Recent years have seen growing interest in organic sources of microelements as feed additives to increase productivity and enhance immunity. Therefore the aim of the study was to conduct pilot research on the effect of the addition of calcium pidolate to the diet on selected production and quality parame- ters in snails Helix aspersa aspersa. The experiment was carried out on two plots on a snail farm. Agrimony was grown on the two plots. The snails were fed grower and finisher diets. The diet for the experimental group was supplemented with 0.075% calcium pidolate. The experiment was continued until the snails reached somatic and commercial maturity. The snails in the experimental group were shown to mature earlier and weigh more, resulting in more kilograms of live weight per m². Moreover, the percentage of snails classified as quality class I was higher in the experimental group. The amount of feed provided until completion of the cycle was higher in the control group, which could result in a longer fattening period and higher FCR. The pilot experiment carried out in snails Helix aspersa aspersa demonstrated that the addition of calcium pidolate to the diet of snails can result in a higher final weight and lower feed consumption.Pozycja Open Access The Role of Staining Techniques in Seminological Analysis of Mammalian Semen(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Banaszewska, Dorota; Andraszek, Katarzyna; Zdrowowicz, Ewa; Czubaszek, Magdalena; Walczak-Jędrzejowska, Renata; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland; Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical University in Łódź, PolandThe most important semen parameters are the concentration, motility and morphology of sperm cells. Sperm morphology is regarded as the most reliable parameter for predicting fertility in males. A problem in evaluating sperm morphology and morphometry is the lack of standardization of staining techniques. The staining procedure and reagents used can significantly affect the morphometric parameters of the sperm cell. The use of stains with different pH or osmotic pressure, as well as the duration of the procedure, may influence the shape and size of the sperm, and thus the result of the morphological evaluation of the semen. It is necessary to develop an evaluation procedure for sperm morphology and morphometry that will minimize the changes in the structure of the evaluated semen in relation to the native semen.Pozycja Open Access The use of compound feeds for broiler and turkey chicks for rearing pheasants(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Kondracki, Stanisław; Bombik, Elżbieta; Banaszewska, Dorota; Bednarczyk, Małgorzata; Łagowska, Katarzyna; Department of Reproduction and Animal Hygiene, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Reproduction and Animal Hygiene, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Reproduction and Animal Hygiene, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry and Small Ruminant Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesThe study was aimed at analysing the possibility of using concentrate mixes produced for broiler DKA-S and turkey chicks IB-1, IB-2 for rearing the Common and Golden Pheasant. Diet analyses were conducted on 40 birds, including 20 Common and 20 Golden pheasants. The Common and Golden pheasants in both diet groups did not significantly differ in body weight. During the rearing period, the mean body weight of the Common pheasants fed with the IB concentrate was higher than the body weight of those fed with the DKA-S concentrate. After 4 weeks, the difference in the mean body weight already reached more than 67 g. After 8 weeks, the pheasants in both diet groups were similar in body weight, amounting to 616.78 g in the case of those fed with the IB concentrate and 608.14 g in the case of the birds receiving the DKA-S concentrate. The Golden pheasants fed with IB throughout the rearing period were heavier than those maintained on DKA-S. After 8 weeks, they reached the body weight of 401.40 g, i.e. they were 65.5 g heavier than the pheasants fed with DKA-S. The mean daily body weight gains of the Common and Golden pheasants were higher in the case of the IB concentrate. The birds fed both with IB and DKA-S featured a very fast growth rate between the 1st day and the 4th week of age. Between the 5th and 8th week the growth rate decelerated, ranging from 57.95% to 75.45%. Compound mixes destined for broiler chicks and turkeys can be effectively used for rearing pheasants. In comparison with DKA-S, the IB concentrate provides better results in rearing both Common and Golden pheasants.