Wydanie 359(58)2 2021
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Pozycja Open Access The Use and Maintenance of Horses in the Aspect of Natural Training Methods(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Ratajczak, Angelika; Pluta, Michał; Danielewicz, Agata; Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Department of Horse Breeding and Use, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandAs a result of evolution, humanity transitioned from a nomadic to a sedentary way of life, from hunting and gathering to crop production and animal husbandry. Domestication involved capturing wild horses and adapting them to the conditions in which they were raised by humans. This resulted in a change in the treatment of horses and the perception of their emotional needs. The focus shifted to building relationships with the horse, understanding it, and treating it as a rational being. Currently, horses are seen as one of the most intelligent animals ‘cooperating’ with people. In this study, 62 horses at four equestrian centres were examined. The horses included mares, stallions and geldings between the ages of 3 and 26 years, belonging to eight breeds: Arabian, Malopolski, Hucul, Polish Half-Bred, Silesian, Polish Coldblood, Shetland pony, and Haflinger. The analysis of forms of horse training indicated that all centres used classical training methods for 100% of their horses. The trainers declared interest in natural methods, but as support for classical training. Natural methods of working with horses were applied at centres 2 and 3, where horses were ridden both for recreation and for sport. This type of training was not observed at centre 1, where horses were used only for recreational riding, or at centre 4, which dealt mainly in breeding and training of race horses. Horses at centre 3 and most of those at centre 2 took part in in Parelli’s Seven Games, Join-Up, and desensitization to unknown objects, and imprinting of foals was practiced. This indicates that horse trainers are currently applying natural methods, but are not completely giving up classical training. A study was carried out to investigate the approach of contemporary horse breeders to forms of housing and use with respect to their interest in foal imprinting, natural horsemanship, Join-Up, and desensitization to unknown objects.Pozycja Open Access Morphological Changes in the Tissues of the Rabbit Knee Joint Due to Experimental Osteoarthritis After the Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Malyuk, Nikolai; Demiantseva, Yuliia; Kharkevych, Yuriy; Bokotko, Roman; Melnyk, Oleg; Gryzinska, Magdalena; Department of Surgery and Pathophysiology named after acad. I.O. Povazhenko, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Surgery and Pathophysiology named after acad. I.O. Povazhenko, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Surgery and Pathophysiology named after acad. I.O. Povazhenko, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Surgery and Pathophysiology named after acad. I.O. Povazhenko, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Animal Anatomy, Histology and Pathomorphology named after academician Vladimir G. Kas’janenko, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Institute of Biological Basis of Animal Production, Faculty of Biology, Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandThe purpose of the study was to investigate the regenerative processes in the knee joint of rabbits with experimental osteoarthritis after using of allogeneic bone marrow stem cells and a traditional treatment with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Meloxicam. For the experiment were used 27 male California rabbits (males). Three groups of animals were formed: a control group; the first experimental group treated by the traditional method; the second experimental group treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Animals in the three groups were subjected to osteoarthritis of the knee joint by double injection of 3.44% retinol acetate into the joint cavity at a dose of 1 ml at intervals of 7 days. Tissue from the affected site was sampled for histological examination at 7, 14 and 28 days. The histological sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin and examined under a microscope. It has been established that intra-articular administration of 3.5 × 106 cells of allogeneic MSCs in experimental osteoarthritis contributes to the restoration of the superficial layer of cartilage, as evidenced by the formation of columns of chondrocytes in the middle layer of articular cartilage and the appearance of isogenic groups of cartilage cells with basophilic cytoplasm in the matrix, uniform articular surface. The use of the traditional method of treating rabbits using the drug Meloxicam is accompanied by incomplete chondrogenesis: part of the chondrocytes is localized in typical chambers, in some cases chondrocyte chambers did not differentiate; articular cartilage had unequal thickness, cell placement was uneven.Pozycja Open Access Opinions and Knowledge about Ear Cropping and Tail Docking at Dogs in Stargard City(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Karatysz, Karla; Department of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, PolandCurrently, ear cropping and tail docking are practised surgeries at veterinary clinics. These procedures have been around for centuries with first cases already performed in ancient Rome. The purpose of such body modifications is based on editing ear and tail shapes in a Since 1997, ear cropping and the tail docking is prohibited in Poland, with an exception for when animal’s life is endangered and depends upon it. This law also applies to other European countries and the rest of the world, including laws on crossing their boarders with pets recently subjected to this kind of surgery; all of which are regulated by adequate ruling bodies. The aim of this research study was to explode various opinions and level of knowledge on this topic of residents of Stargard city, as well as their personal position with regard to the ear cropping and tail docking at dogs. The research material was collected by direct survey and the selection of respondents was random. Achieved results explicitly pointed at predominating number of negative opinions of performing described surgeries on dogs.