Wydanie 361(60)4 2021

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/761

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  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Monitoring Proposal of the Eurasian Water Shrew (Neomys fodiens, Pennant, 1771) in Poland
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Gmaj, Michalina; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
    The paper presents a proposal of methods for monitoring the Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens, belonging to the family Soricidae. This species has a wide range in Poland, although it has never been the subject of a nationwide survey. Water shrew has a sporadic and localised occurrence and little is known about its habitat requirements and population dynamics. Although there is no documented proof of population decline, there is concern that the species may be vulnerable to declines in abundance and occurrence as a result of habitat loss and pollution as it is closely associated with aquatic environment. The proposed method of population status assessment is based on estimating the number of specimen observed at selected monitoring sites by the capture-mark-recapture (CMR) method and an additional method of analysing owl pellets to establish the presence and abundance of the species in the area. Moreover, indicators assessing the condition of the habitat, such as presence of preferred water bodies, share of shoreline vegetation, slope of the shore and availability of shelters have been proposed. Regular monitoring can contribute to the recognition of potential changes in water shrew’s population dynamics.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Monitoring Proposal of the Species Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) in Poland
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Wnorowska, Kalina; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
    Hungarian Glider (Neptis rivularis), a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae, which in Poland is under partial species protection and is included in the Red list of threatened animals in Poland with the EN category. The occurrence and abundance of Neptis rivularis are strictly dependent on the presence of Spiraea salicifolia L., which is the host plant of the species. Limiting the range of the occurrence of the Neptis rivularis in Poland also results from the decline in the number of suitable habitats. This article presents a proposed methodology for monitoring based on the evaluation of indicators of population condition in the form of: number of adults, abundance index, number of caterpillars and population isolation, and indicators of habitat condition – presence of the Spiraea salicifolia and exposure to the sun of microhabitats. The concept of the population condition assessment methodology was based on non-invasive observation of adults and counting caterpillars. The concept of habitat condition assessment methodology is based on a strong relationship between the Neptis rivularis and the Spiraea salicifolia. It is proposed to annually monitor the Neptis rivularis population in at least a dozen research areas within the country. This proposed monitoring methodology requires pilot studies to be carried out within Neptis rivularis occurrence sites in order to assess the effectiveness of the presented assumptions of the monitoring methodology for this species.
  • Brak miniatury
    PozycjaOpen Access
    A Proposal of Monitoring of the Bank Vole (Myodes glareolu, Schreber 1780)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Mróz, Bernard; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
    There are many reasons why it might be necessary to monitor the bank voles. It causes damage to trees and eats seeds in orchards and tree plantations, and the determination of its presence as well as the effectiveness of the measures taken to minimize losses is very important in the activity of the above-mentioned. The rodent is also the main for central Europe reservoir of the Puumala virus, which is dangerous to humans, so observing the trends in the number of voles may be crucial. The small number of the species may indicate environmental poisoning, especially with copper. And finally, it is a very important species for the environment, both transformed by man and natural, so it is very important to preserve it despite the climate changes. The bank vole is a small mammal from the Cricetidae family. It occurs all over Europe. It lives mainly in deciduous forests of medium density and rich undergrowth, although it is also found in other areas, including anthropogenic ones. The proposed monitoring is based on catching with the use of wooden box traps and the analysis of pellets. The indicators used would be: the number of individuals caught per 100 trap-nights, the percentage of the species in total number of small mammals and the age structure of the population. In the first method one should remember about practices that will reduce or eliminate the mortality of captured animals – the appropriate setting of traps and selection of weather conditions. Also collecting pellets, one should bear in mind the limitations of this method and the differences between the spring-summer and autumn-winter material. The determination of the condition of the habitat may be based on the percentage of deciduous trees, density of trees and the appearance of the undergrowth.