1960, Nr 3

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    Wstępne badania nad szkodami gradowymi w rolnictwie na terenie Polski w okresie lat 1946-1952
    (1960) Koźmiński, Czesław; Wyższa Szkoła Rolnicza w Szczecinie. Katedra Meteorologii Rolniczej
    The work which has already been done can de divided into two parts. Firstly the author discussed the hail phenomenataking into consideration, the area yearly and daily frequencies of hail falls in Poland, the frequency above all of hail in Poland in the period 1946—1952, according to the size of the hailstones and the area of distribution. Secondly he discussed the damage caused by hail to corn, root-crops, vegetables and orchards. The work is based on the published material by P.J.H.M. in Hail in Poland” during the period of 1946—1952 and the observation material from some tens of metereological stations during the period of 1946—1957 and representing particular physiological regions of the country. To elaborate the majority of drawn tables and maps the period from IV to the IX was regarded as the vegetation plant cultivation period during which heavy hail fales can cause damage to agriculture. On the basis of the gathered materials the author distinguished four very distinct regions of hail damage to agriculture in Poland. The first region with a small degree of hail damage to agriculture fluctuating averagely from 1 to 10 per cent of yield risk. This region comprises most of the districts of Szczecin, Koszalin, Zielona Góra and Gdańsk, and several districts of the nieighbouring regions that is to say — Warsaw and Wrocław. The second region with an average degree of hail damage to agriculture which fluctuates averagely from 10—15 per cent of yield risk comprises the whole of the centre of Poland and two isolated islands in the West Pomeranian territory. The third region with a large degree of hail damage to the agriculture which has averaged from 16—20 per cent of yield risk a year. This region comprises the majority of districts of Wrocław and Opole, also the districts of Katowice, Kielce and Lublin provinces, and several districts of Bialystok an Poznań. The fourth region with a very heavy degree of hail damage to agriculture which has more thut 2O°/o of yield risk a year. This region comprises several mountainous districts such a: Nowy Targ, Nowy Sącz, Gorlice, Limanowa, Bochnia, Myślenice, Wadowice and Sucha and several districts in the Lublin province such as: Zamość, Krasnystaw, Bychowa, Lublin and Bełżyce.