1960, Nr 3

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12539/2066

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    Wstępna charakterystyka oddziaływania erozji wodnej na fizyko-chemiczne właściwości gleb w strefie moreny czołowej na Pojezierzu Pomorskim
    (1960) Chudecki, Zygmunt; Wyższa Szkoła Rolnicza w Szczecinie. Katedra Gleboznawstwa
    In his paper the author has given an introductary characteristic of the physical as well as chemical properties of soils in the eroded area of the Pommeranian Lake District. Field investigations were carried out in the autumn of 1957 r. These included the cutting and describing of soil exposures in six slopes selected for the purpose, the taking of soil samples from the various horizons in the profiles, measurment of pulpiness of the humus horizon, at intervals of 5 m, along the rising stretch of the slopes concerned, measurment of lenght and grade of the rising of the slopes as well as taking of surface soil samples. The samples taken helped to deter mine the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The results obtained have been shown on Tables III—XIII. Three out of the six selected slopes are being covered with permanent flora (a 50 years old beech-wood- Profile „F”, and a nearly 13 years old pasture flora —Profiles „B”> „C”) On the three remaining slopes the soil is agricultural land. The selected slopes are similar with regard to soil (produced from diluvial clay) and show no marked differences on the rising stretches. Drawings 1—6. The examined physico-chemical properties of the soils have been dealt with in close connexion with the relief of the area concerned. The results of the investigations show that the definite properties of soils were formed in accordance with the relief and the kind of usage the land had been put to. 1. The pulpiness of the humus, horizon of soils from the rising stretches and tops is markeddy smaller as compared with the soils from the foot of the slopes. The differences between soils from rising stretches and the soils from the foot of slopes amount: on cultivated land to 51 cm., on 13 years old turf land to 50 cm., and on land covered with a 50 years old beechwooid to 26 cm. 2. The humus horizon of the investigated soils is less rich in some nutritional ingredients soluble in 20% HCL in comparison with the deeper horizons; the amounts of potassium К are nearly 2,6 times, of magnesium almost 5 times, of lime nearly 10 times, and of P2 O5 almost 3 times less as the amounts found in the deeper horizons. 3. The soils on rising stretches of slopes, on tops, and the foot of slopes differ from one another in several physical properties: in ground depressions their per meability is at its highest, they have there the greatest cappillary water capacity and the ability of promotng the capillary upward movement of water. 4. The best physical properties have woodlands. 5. The present set of morphological characteristics, and physico-chemical pro perties of the investigated soils permits to divide them into three following complexes a) Soils on tops are mostly of podzolic character b) Soils on rising stretches of slopes resemble brown soils (Braunerde) c) Soils tat the foot of slopes of undefined type, in some places in layers, in other places they show the characteristics of chernozem (black sarth). The variability of the determined properties of soil in undulating land, is evidence of the differentiation of its fertility.