Wydanie 357(56)4 2020
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Pozycja Open Access Feeding of Sporting Dogs. Part II. Minerals, Vitamins and Functional Additives Requirements(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Kazimierska, Katarzyna; Biel, Wioletta; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, PolandSporting dog owner should realize that proper nutrition is one of the most important factors influencing the sports results achieved by the dog. In addition to the increased demand for energy and basic nutrients, particular attention should be paid to the adequate supply of vitamins and minerals, as well as dietary supplements. Therefore, the aim of the study was to characterize the importance of minerals, vitamins and functional additives in the nutrition of sporting dogs. The significant elements in the sporting dogs nutrition are calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and magnesium. Micronutrients such as copper, iron, manganese, selenium and zinc are also very important. Of the vitamins in the sporting dogs nutrition, vitamins with antioxidant properties (vitamin E, vitamin C) are crucial, as well as vitamin D and B-group vitamins. Moreover, the diet of a sporting dog can also be enriched with functional additives that support the function of joints, muscles and circulatory system, as well as plants with an adaptogenic effect that improve the dog's immunity. Selecting the right amounts of individual additives so they fulfill their planned functions and are completely safe may be a problem. Since it should be remembered that both the deficiency and the excess of nutrients can be dangerous for the body.Pozycja Open Access Lavandula angustifolia Propagated in In Vitro Cultures on Media Containing AgNPs and AuNPs – an Alternative to Synthetic Preservatives in Cosmetics(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Jadczak, Paula; Kulpa, Danuta; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, PolandWe determined the preservation properties of Lavandula angustifolia propagated on media with gold or silver nanoparticles with a particle size of 13 and 30 nm. Cosmetic emulsions prepared by using lavender tissue that was propagated on media containing AuNPs and AgNPs showed increased preservative capacities when compared with the control ones. In the case of control cosmetic emulsions, which had no added plant tissues or dehydroacetic acid and benzoic acid (DHA BA), bacterial and fungal colonies appeared after the second week of the experiment. The addition of lavender tissue propagated on media without AuNPs or AgNPs protected the tasted samples from microbial contamination; in this case, bacterial contamination was detected after 4 weeks and fungal contamination after 6 weeks. The addition of lavender tissue propagated on medium containing AgNPs with a particle size of 13 nm at a concentration of 1 mg · dm−3 prolonged the time of detection of bacteria colonies to 8 weeks (0.9) and this result was close and comparable to the effect of DHA BA. Higher concentrations of AgNPs in the culture medium, as well as a larger particle diameter (30 nm), resulted in the decreased preservative capacity of plant tissues. The presence of AuNPs in the culture media showed a positive effect on the antimicrobial activity of lavender; however, to a lesser degree than in the case of AgNPs. Disintegrated fragments of lavender tissue propagated on media containing 1 mg ∙ dm−3 AgNPs with particle size of 13 nm can be used to preserve short shelf life cosmetic emulsions.Pozycja Open Access The Proposal for Monitoring of Golden Jackal (Canis aureus)(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Mańko, Oliwia; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, PolandGolden jackal (Canis aureus) is a mesopredator. As an opportunistic species, it can both compete and pose a threat to native species. The golden jackal was first documented in Poland in 2015, where it came probably due to the natural expansion of the species distribution range. Currently, its estimated population size is based only on observations of single individuals, but this may change in the future. The recent expansion of the golden jackal, as well as its small population size in Poland, result in a low level of knowledge about this species and its impact on the native fauna and flora. The purpose of monitoring is to help in the future control of the population size, as well as to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge on the biology and the impact of this species on the environment. The monitoring method of the golden jackal presented in this article consists of the assessment of both the species’ habitat and its population. Overall, the proposed assessment of the habitat and population is based on evaluation of 7 indicators (population density, number of litters, height above sea level, presence of wolves, access to water reservoirs, scrubs, food base availability). Indicator assessment allows to determine, whether a given site is favorable for the settlement and growth of the golden jackal population. Observations carried out during the monitoring process may additionally facilitate the recognition of the species in the newly occupied areas, and allow to determine its impact on the environment.Pozycja Open Access Potential Contamination of Soybean Agrophytocenosis Depending on the System of Farming and Soil Tillage(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2020) Tsyuk, Oleksiy; Marchenko, Dmutro; Shuvar, Ivan; Biel, Wioletta; Department of Agriculture and Herbology, National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine; Department of Agriculture and Herbology, National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine; Agriculture and Livestock Department, Lviv National Agrarian University, Dubliany, Ukraine; Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, PolandThis work presents the results of the study of changes of the potential contamination of soybean agrophytocenosis in grain-row crop rotation by using different systems of farming and typical black soil tillage. It was established that in the upper 0–5 cm layer of soil there are on average 393–671 million pieces of weed seeds. which is 33.6–43.0% of the total number in the layer of soil 0–20 cm. It was established that the use of periodical moldboard and superficial basic soil tillage had no impact on reducing the potential contamination of typical black soil compared to the variant of differentiated tillage. During subsurface plowing the total number of seeds in the soil layer 0–20 cm increased by 13.5–25.8% compared to differentiated tillage. In the variants of ecological and biological farming systems the number of weed seeds in the layer 0–5 cm was 11.3–19.6% higher compared to the intensive farming system. Based on monitoring of the species composition of the weed seeds bank it was established that in the arable layer of the soil the largest share are annual dicotyledonous – 48–62%. annual monocotyledonous – 30.2–44.6%. perennial – 0.9–3.3% of the total number. It was proved that under the intensive system of farming the yield of soybean variety Silesia increased on average from 10.2 to 147% compared to the ecological and biological system of farming. During the biological system of farming soybean yield did not exceed 1.0–1.8 t/ha. Therefore. the industrial and ecological system of farming had the greatest impact on reducing the potential weediness of the soybean agrocenosis during the growing season. During the biological system of farming crop yields decrease due to the accumulation of weed seeds in the topsoil and formation of high actual weediness of the soybean agrocenosis.