Silica-coated admixtures of bismuth and gadolinium oxides for 3D printed concrete applications: rheology, hydration, strength, microstructure, and radiation shielding perspective

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dc.contributor.authorSikora, Pawel
dc.contributor.authorSkibicki, Szymon
dc.contributor.authorChougan, Mehdi
dc.contributor.authorSzewczyk, Piotr
dc.contributor.authorCendrowski, Krzysztof
dc.contributor.authorFederowicz, Karol
dc.contributor.authorEl-Khayatt, Ahmed M.
dc.contributor.authorSaudi, H. A.
dc.contributor.authorStrzałkowski, Jarosław
dc.contributor.authorAbd Elrahman, Mohamed
dc.contributor.authorTechman, Mateusz
dc.contributor.authorSibera, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorChung, Sang-Yeop
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationSchool of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UKen
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationDepartment of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabiaen
dc.contributor.organizationDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Women Branch, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypten
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationStructural Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura City 35516, Egypten
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationFaculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Polanden
dc.contributor.organizationDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Koreaen
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-20T07:05:49Z
dc.date.available2025-03-20T07:05:49Z
dc.date.issued2025-03-05
dc.descriptionThis is the Accepted Version (AAM) of the following article: Sikora, P., Skibicki, S., Chougan, M., Szewczyk, P., Cendrowski, K., Federowicz, K., El-Khayatt, A. M., Saudi, H. A., Strzałkowski, J., Abd Elrahman, M., Techman, M., Sibera, D., Chung, S. Y. (2025). Silica-coated admixtures of bismuth and gadolinium oxides for 3D printed concrete applications: Rheology, hydration, strength, microstructure, and radiation shielding perspective. Construction and Building Materials, 470, 140563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140563en
dc.description.abstractThis study examines the impact of replacing up to 5 vol% of Portland cement (PC) with both pristine mixture of Bi2O3/Gd2O3 (BG) and silica-coated BG particles. Two different types of silica coatings, each with varying synthesis methods, were applied to coat the BG structures, and their impact on the fresh, hardened, microstructure and radiation-shielding performances of the 3D printed concrete (3DPC) was investigated. Isothermal calorimetry demonstrated that pristine BG incorporation delays hydration, whereas silica coatings mitigate this, with type A coating being more effective. Early compressive strength was reduced in BG-containing mixes but normalised after seven days. Rheological tests showed that BG additives enhanced thixotropy and yield shear stresses, with 2.5 vol% being optimal, especially with method B coating. Green strength properties improved significantly with method B coated particles, showing up to 62.4 % and 57.7 % increases in strength and modulus, respectively, after 30 minutes. Micro-CT and MIP analyses confirmed reduced porosity and refined pore structure with silica coatings. Radiation shielding tests indicated superior performance in uncoated BG mixes, with method B coating providing superior shielding performance compared to that of method A coatings due to their higher surface area. In general, silica-coated BG particles enhance the mechanical, rheological, and radiation shielding properties of 3DPC, with method B coatings offering the most significant benefits.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded in whole by the National Science Centre, Poland within Project no. 2020/39/D/ST8/00975 (SONATA-16).en
dc.embargoEmbargo do dnia 2027.04.04pl
dc.identifier.citationSikora, P., Skibicki, S., Chougan, M., Szewczyk, P., Cendrowski, K., Federowicz, K., El-Khayatt, A. M., Saudi, H. A., Strzałkowski, J., Abd Elrahman, M., Techman, M., Sibera, D., Chung, S. Y. Silica-coated admixtures of bismuth and gadolinium oxides for 3D printed concrete applications: Rheology, hydration, strength, microstructure, and radiation shielding perspective. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140563en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140563
dc.identifier.eissn1879-0526
dc.identifier.project(SONATA-16) 2020/39/D/ST8/00975
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12539/2464
dc.language.isoenen
dc.page.number1-46
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.en
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140563
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.sourceConstruction and Building Materialsen
dc.subject3D printingen
dc.subjectradiation shieldingen
dc.subjectgamma-rayen
dc.subjectneutronen
dc.subjectconcreteen
dc.subject.otherDyscyplina::Inżynieria Lądowa i Transportpl
dc.titleSilica-coated admixtures of bismuth and gadolinium oxides for 3D printed concrete applications: rheology, hydration, strength, microstructure, and radiation shielding perspectiveen
dc.typeArticleen

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