Wydanie 318(34)2 2015
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Pozycja Open Access Anthropogenic Industrisols within Ewa Peninsula in Szczecin Port Part I. Stratygraphy and Chemical Properties(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Malinowski, Ryszard; Protasowicki, Mikołaj; Niedźwiecki, Edward; Meller, Edward; Sammel, Adam; Szkudlarek, Piotr; Treńczak, Karolina; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Toxicology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, PolandThe studies included initial industrisols (ecranic) on the peninsula Ewa in Szczecin port. Samples of these soils were collected from deep boreholes (to 13 m below ground level), whereas those of humus soils from the topsoil 0–25(30 cm) of sporadically occurring lawns. Port infrastructure did not allow sampling deeper strata. In stratigraphic structure of initial ekranosols, the surface layer, 2.7–4.4 m thick (mean 3.20 m) of sand, transported to improve the swampy terrain under construction, was distinguished. Transported material, obtained from dredging the nearby water bodies contributed to the compaction of Holocene formations (organic deposits and fen peat), visible at the depth 3.20–9.00 m. This sandy cover layer, under reinforced concrete slabs, contained 2–5% fraction <0.002 mm and only in its upper part, skeleton fractions of anthropogenic origin. It was characterised by pHKCl 5.7–8.0), a slight to 1% CaCO3 content, mean 7.0 g · kg–1 content of organic carbon and wide C : N 17.5 : 1 ratio, whereas the predominant organic layer of examined boreholes had pHKCl 4.9–6.7, organic carbon in the range 174.1–183.7 g · kg–1 and the ratio of C : N from 13.5 : 1 to 16.7 : 1. Comparison of topsoil properties of initial industrisols (ekranic) of thickness 0.25–1.50 m, with humus soils under squares, confirms the common origin of these sandy soil materials. Humus soils also contained 3–6% fraction <0.002 mm, similar reaction and CaCO3 content. Increased, in these soils, content of organic carbon to 28.6 g · kg–1 and in some cases even to 86.6 g · kg–1, and total nitrogen from 2.2 to 8.9 g · kg–1 resulted in a more beneficial ratio of C : N from 9.7 : 1 to 13.0 : 1. High accumulation of organic carbon and available phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium is, first of all, the effect of fertilisation and cultivation practices. The analysis of these properties shows how important role, in the ecosystem of urban and industrial-urban soils, is played by land utilisation, which is becoming a vital soil-forming factor.Pozycja Open Access Anthropogenic Industrisols within Ewa Peninsula in Szczecin Port Part II. Content of Heavy Metals(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Protasowicki, Mikołaj; Niedźwiecki, Edward; Meller, Edward; Malinowski, Ryszard; Rajkowska-Myśliwiec, Monika; Department of Toxicology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Soil Science, Grassland and Environmental Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, PolandSoil material collected for Part I, Stratigraphy, chemical properties, including macroelements of industrisols (initial and humus) within Peninsula Ewa in Szczecin Port was used for determining the concentration of heavy metals: Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn and Fe in these soils. The studies showed that the soils sealed with reinforced concrete slabs, in their surface layer 0.25–1.50 m, on a small area, contained an extremely high amount of lead 11 755.0 mg · kg–1 DM, accompanied by the content of copper amounting to – 135.6 mg · kg–1 DM. Such a high, point, contamination occurred only on a few to several m3 of transported sandy material. In the light of Polish legal regulations, the mentioned level of lead exceeds the permissible concentration for the land of group C (industrial, mining and traffic areas). Adjacent to the sealed soils, humus industrisols of green areas, were characterised by elevated mean content of heavy metals: Cd – 1.36; Pb – 409.4; Zn – 673.6; Cu 89.6 mg · kg–1 DM in their surface layer 0.0–0.20(0.30) m. A great role in the accumulation of the above metals might have been played by spreading dust pollution caused by other port operations such as cargo unloading and reloading.Pozycja Open Access Effect of Depth of Placement of the Hydrogel and the Type of Soil Cover on the Initial Growth and Development of Lawn Grasses(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2015) Jankowski, Kazimierz; Sosnowski, Jacek; Czeluściński, Wiesław; Wiśniewska- Kadżajan, Beata; Malinowska, Elżbieta; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Grassland and Green Area Creation, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesThe aim of this work to determine the effect of superabsorbent Aqua–Gel P4 on the dynamics of lawns emergence. The experiment was established in 2007. The studies were carried out on the base of two lawn experiments. The first experience was a monoculture lawn where in pure sown four species of lawn grasses were studied. In the second experiment four designed mixtures of the same grass species were used. At the beginning of the study (2007) after 15 and 30 days, evaluating of the grasses emergence was done. The type of used soil cover (cultivated soil or garden peat) did not cause significant variation in the emergence of both lawn grasses sown in pure stand and in mixtures. With the increasing of the depth of hydrogel placement (5, 10, 15 cm) in soil, the emergence value of the lawn grasses sown in both as pure stand and in mixtures has worsThe aim of this work to determine the effect of superabsorbent Aqua–Gel P4 on the dynamics of lawns emergence. The experiment was established in 2007. The studies were carried out on the base of two lawn experiments. The first experience was a monoculture lawn where in pure sown four species of lawn grasses were studied. In the second experiment four designed mixtures of the same grass species were used. At the beginning of the study (2007) after 15 and 30 days, evaluating of the grasses emergence was done. The type of used soil cover (cultivated soil or garden peat) did not cause significant variation in the emergence of both lawn grasses sown in pure stand and in mixtures. With the increasing of the depth of hydrogel placement (5, 10, 15 cm) in soil, the emergence value of the lawn grasses sown in both as pure stand and in mixtures has worsen.