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    Puccinia coronata f.sp. avenae virulence in central and south-eastern Poland in 2014
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2017) Sowa, Sylwia; Paczos-Grzęda, Edyta; Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin; Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin
    Losses caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae are an almost universal problem for oat growers. Mild winters and wet summers are conducive to fungal growth, leading to recurrent annual infection in Poland and consequent high losses in yield and grain quality. Host genetic resistance is the preferred approach to control crown rust on both economic and environmental grounds. However, rapid evolution of the pathogen leads to risk of breakdown of resistance, and hence to a constant need to monitor crop susceptibility. The objective of this work was to characterize the virulence of P. coronata populations collected during the summer of 2014 in central and south-eastern Poland to evaluate the effectiveness of some known crown rust resistance genes in oats. Virulence was studied using seedlings of 27 reference lines containing different Pc genes by means of host-pathogen tests under conditions of controlled temperature, humidity and lighting. Crown rust populations from diverse oat-growing regions were clearly distinguished. All tested P. coronata samples were avirulent toward Pc50, Pc52, Pc59, Pc60, Pc71, Pc91, Pc94 genes. Only one sample was virulent, if resistance was covered by Pc70. Occasional virulence was observed toward Pc48 and Pc68. Tested P. coronata samples defeated resistance of Pc51, Pc56, Pc58 as well as Pc39, Pc57 and Pc104 differential lines relatively rare. Results showed that crown rust populations occurring in central and south-eastern Poland characterized relatively low virulence, and because of the fact many sources of resistance against P. coronata are still effective. Pc genes can be introduced and combined in form of gene pyramids into Polish oat cultivars in order to increase the crown rust resistance spectrum.