Wydanie 330(40)4 2016

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  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Piaractus brachypomus (characiformes, serrasalmidae) – an incidental alien species in polish and world waters?
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Więcaszek, Beata; Keszka, Sławomir; Dziaman, Robert; Górecka, Klaudia; Dąbrowski, Jarosław; Department of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Aquaculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Aquaculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    This paper presents the biological characteristics of five individuals of Piaractus brachypomus (15.3–37.0 cm TL) caught in north-western Poland (Szczecin Lagoon, lake Dąbie and Pomorzany Power Plant cooling water canal in Szczecin), in 2002–2010, by recreational anglers and commercial fishermen. Additionally, well documented records of P. brachypomus (17.0–49.0 cm TL) in different waters (lakes, ponds, dam reservoirs, rivers and lagoons) collected from 2001 to September 2015 by recreational fishers, are presented. All these individuals were released into the wild by aquarists. Nonindigenous occurrences in Europe and in the world outside the native range (the Amazon and Orinoco basins) of the species are also discussed, including a record of alive pirapitinga in the Baltic Sea. An evaluation of invasion risk in the environment in Poland, based on the thermal tolerance of the specimens studied, is included. The laboratory experiment showed that the lower limit of thermal tolerance was 11.2oC, therefore the potential for over winter survival in Polish waters is extremely low, even in the warm-water canals of power plants. However, the progressive process of global warming may enlarge the distribution of nonindigenous occurrences of P. brachypomus, with more effective overwintering and breeding, with the possibility of novel pathogen transfer to native aquatic biota.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Effect of preharvest use of anti-cracking preparations on changes in selected parameters of sweet cherry fruits during frozen storage
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Telesiński, Arkadiusz; Mikiciuk, Grzegorz; Mikiciuk, Małgorzata; Stręk, Michał; Płatkowski, Maciej; Statkiewicz, Małgorzata; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin
    This paper presents the study on comparison of the changes of dry weight content, total polyphenols content, total flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity in sweet cherry fruit in frozen storage, depending on the used preharvest anti-cracking preparations. The study material was sweet cherry fruits of the ‘Burlat’ cultivar, that were treated with anti-cracking preparations. In fresh fruits and during their frozen storage at temperature –25°C (after 60, 120, and 180 days), the mentioned parameters were determined. The preharvest use of anti- -cracking preparations caused an increase in total flavonoids content, and antioxidant activity was observed. In plant untreated anti-cracking preparations, decrease in antioxidant parameters were observed. The preharvest use of during frozen storage deepened the decrease of total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity but limited the changes in the content of dry weight and total polyphenols. The analysis of the kinetic degradation demonstrated that total flavonoid content was characterized by higher stability in the fruits, which were not treated with anti- -cracking preparations. An opposite trend was determined for total polyphenols content.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Methods of selection and characteristics of productive traits of ukrainian carpathian mountain sheep
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Sedilo, Grygoriy; Vovk, Stakh; Petryszyn, Myron; Szewczuk, Małgorzata; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyno village, Lviv reg., Ukraine; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyno village, Lviv reg., Ukraine; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Obroshyno village, Lviv reg., Ukraine; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The work leading to creation of a new breed - Carpathian Ukrainian mountain sheep with high quality mixed carpet wool cover came to an end in 1993. It was achieved by breeding local ewes with thick wool covers with Tsigai breed rams. In terms of milk yield and wool quality the new breed was significantly more valuable than sheep of local breeds. At the same time they adapted well to the specific mountain climate and management system. In the current situation of rapid decrease in demand for wool, the breed is still competitive due to universal production objectives and possibility of using not only its good quality wool but also milk and sheep meat. The current direction of improvement is raising milk yield in the sheep of this breed.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Assessment of agro-meteorological conditions of the vegetation period in 2015 in the Szczecin lowland
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Rawicki, Kacper; Mąkosza, Agnieszka; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, West Pomeranian Research Centre in Szczecin; Department of Meteorology and Green Areas Management, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The present study presents the analysis of thermal and pluviometric conditions on the basis of selected agro-meteorological indices in the vegetation period (IV–X) in 2015 in the Szczecin Lowland against the reference period of 1961–2014. With the use of the results of automatic measurements of air temperature, the following were identified: the beginning, the end and duration of vegetation period, as well as the sum of effective temperatures above the 5oC threshold. Additionally, the months were thermally classified according to Lorenc (2000) and the pluviometric conditions were assessed with the use of standardised precipitation index (SPI). It was found that in 2015 in the Szczecin Lowland, the thermal vegetation period lasted for 257 days with the date of beginning 19th of March, and the ending date 30th November. Therefore, the period was by 26 days longer than the average and fourth in terms of length as compared with the reference multi-year period. As compared to thermal conditions till the second half of the 1990s, the vegetation period under analysis was marked by high heat resources – the resources were average in comparison to the last several years. However, according to thermal classification, the period was characterised by average thermal conditions, yet the shortage of precipitation resulted in severe atmospheric drought as defined by the values of SPI index. The most unfavorable weather conditions were recorded in August which was marked by abnormally warm thermal conditions and extreme atmospheric drought.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Microbiological air rating in a variety of objects during treatment of the post-slaughter poultry wastes. Part II. Bacteria
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Oraibi, Sanaa Mahdi; Cybulska, Krystyna; Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    In this paper, composition of the air in terms of bacterial bioaerosol in the management of post-slaughter poultry waste, was analyzed. The air samples were collected at 4 dates from 5 different locations – buildings (building for pre-processing with chemical treatment, pool for liquid waste, facility for storage of sludge from biological sewage treatment, object for preparation of waste subject to composting, and proper composting facility). Analyses were carried out in accordance with the procedures of environmental microbiology. Number of total bacteria was determined with particular emphasis put to Pseudomonas sp. and Clostridium sp. as well as Actinomycetes sp. Based on the air assays, it was found that the bacterial bioaerosol was present in varying degrees depending on the selected groups of microorganisms and differed between dates of analyzes and research points i.e. type and purpose of the object for these wastes management.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of renal expression of TRPM6 and TRPM7 in growing piglets fed a diet supplemented with inulin –type fructans. A pilot study
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Michałek, Katarzyna; Medeńska, Weronika; Pietrzak, Sandra; Staśkiewicz, Łukasz; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin; The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences Jabłonna
    A diet enriched with inulin-type fructans has multidirectional, beneficial health effects for both humans and animals. The benefits of such a modified diet include increased intestinal absorption of micro- and macrominerals, including magnesium (Mg2+). It is generally known that Mg2+ is involved in many biological processes, and a disruption of its homeostasis during the growth and development may result in a number of adverse changes. Maintaining the proper balance of Mg2+ involves many mechanisms and factors, among them the recently identified protein TRPM6 and TRPM7 (transient receptor potential melastin 6 and 7). Since the available literature lacks any information about TRPM6 and TRPM7 in farm animals, including swine, we have undertaken this research aimed at identification of these proteins in the kidney of growing piglets and analysis of the impact of diets supplemented with inulin-type fructans on their expressions. The study was performed on 16 male, PIC x Penarlan P76 crossbred piglets. Animals were divided into two groups: the control was fed a standard diet and the treatment group was fed a diet supplemented with 3% aqueous solution of inulin-type fructans. As a result of the study, using Western blotting, we found TRPM6 and TRPM7 in the kidneys of growing piglets. We also found that renal expression of TRPM6 increased in the animals treated with a diet supplemented with inulin-type fructans. Expression of TRPM7, on the other hand, did not change. The increase in TRPM6 expression in the supplement-treated animals presumably contributed to an increased renal retention of Mg2+. The changes in the expression of TRPM6 seem to be a positive effect of the dietary supplementation with inulin-type fructans.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    The influence of shurbs cutting method on yielding and quality of the goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.)
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Kruczek, Arleta; Ochmian, Ireneusz; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    In the experiment were compared: the growth of shrubs, yielding, the physical parameters of fruits and their chemical composition depending on the method of cutting bushes – the amount of main shoots. Research material consisted of goji berries grown in Department of Horticulture Research Station of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. Goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.) are characterized by high potential of health promoting properties and nutritious. They have been extremely important part of traditional Chinese medicine for ages. They are used there as a very important part of a healthy diet, due to the appearance of the complex polysaccharide valuable LBP (Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides). Cutting of shoots stimulated growth of shrubs. Bushes cut into 3 shoots grew with larger number of shorter basal shoots, while the one-year shoots were the longest. The leaves of the cut bush were darker (L* = 39.8 and 41.2) and had a higher green index (42.1 and 44.8), in comparison to uncut bushes (L* = 37.3, SPAD = 43.5). It was also found that there is a significant correlation between the green index and the value of the parameter a* (r* = 0.92). Cutting of shrubs, especially into 3 shoots, reduced yielding however influenced increasing the size of the fruit.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Oxygraphic evaluation of activity of respiratory enzymes in boar's semen
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Kopczyński, Piotr; Lasota, Bogdan; Ogoński, Tadeusz; Stankiewicz, Tomasz; Gaczarzewicz, Dariusz; Skolmowska, Magdalena; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Physiological Chemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    In the article advantages of the use of oxygraphic method for metabolic examination of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes in boar spermatozoa were described. Investigations were performed on semen samples taken from 36 boars of 4 breeds, at the age from 8 to 40 months. All samples of semen characterized at least 80% content of motile spermatozoa. The rate of oxygen uptake was measured with the use of Clark type electrode connected with analog-digital recorder. Measurements were executed in temperature 37°C, and the rate of oxygen uptake (v) was expressed in nmol O2 · min–1 per 108 spermatozoa. The values of oxygen consumption rate after application of succinate (vs) and PMS (vp) made up the basis of analysis. The results show that the method of oxygraphic evaluation of spermatozoa movement system described in the paper makes possible the precise investigation of the spermatozoa respiratory chain status and enables selection of boars with the best parameters of semen. This method can be taken in consideration at semen examination in the course of boar's selection for the AI stations, after boar's reproductive disease, in periodical semen tests and also when taking decision about the boar's elimination.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Alport syndrome – a rare kidney disease of domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Kania, Agata; Gruszczyńska, Joanna; Bartyzel, Bartłomiej J.; Grzegrzółka, Beata; Mikuła, Małgorzata; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Department of Morphological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Department of Morphological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences
    Alport syndrome is a rare, hereditary renal disease which is the result of a lack of one chain of type IV collagen (α3, α4, and α5). Type IV collagen is a basic structural component of the glomerular basement membrane. Alport syndrome has been reported in humans, mice and domestic dogs. Mutations in COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes are both of recessive and dominant type; however, the most common mutations in COLL4A5 gene are linked to X sex chromosome. These mutations render the synthesis of (α3, α4, α5) chain impossible, thus the resulting type IV collagen does not have its proper structure and filtration of plasma is impaired, leading to progressive renal insufficiency and failure. With the current state of medical knowledge the only therapy, delaying the pathological processes, is limited to dialysis and kidney transplantation. This paper presents information on symptoms of Alport syndrome, as well as genetic basis and molecular effects of mutations causing the disease. It also offers dog breeders some advice, based on the available literature, in order to facilitate making the right breeding decisions.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Preliminary study of the toxicity of rainwater runoff from the roofs with varying coverage
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Jędrzejczak, Małgorzata; Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations, Lodz University of Technology
    At present the urban rainwater runoff is considered as one of the main sources of water pollution. The basic load of the contaminants comes from transport infrastructure and some of them have a strong toxic effect on living organisms. An additional source of toxic substances in the urban runoff is rooftop wastewater. Because of variety of roof coverings, a large amount of different chemicals is released into the wastewater that can cause environmental poisoning and degradation. This study investigated the toxicity of rainwater runoff from the four types of roofs: coated with copper, zinc sheet, with tar paper and cement-asbestos sheets to the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna Straus. Samples were taken during four independent rainfalls in March and April 2015. The study used the first part of runoff with the greatest concentrations of contaminants. Toxicity was determined by the designation of parameters 24hEC50 and 48hEC50 by Probit and the Graphical Interpolation methods. If the low toxicity of the sample did not allow to determine the EC50 parameter, the parameter EC10 was calculated. Toxicity of runoff from rooftops was compared with the toxicity of rainfall collected directly, without rinsing any surface. It was found that runoff from the roof covered with copper sheets shows the greatest toxicity to Daphnia magna (average 24hEC50 was approximately 0.17%). Runoff from the roof of zinc showed less toxicity (24hEC50 approx. 25.6%), but because of the prevalence of zinc and the galvanized sheet covering, the importance of this metal in toxicity of urban rainwater can be much greater than copper. The smallest toxicity to crustacean has been found for asbestos covering. Rainwater collected directly showed no toxicity to the test organisms.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    The effect of soil tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on baking quality of winter spelt cultivars
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Hury, Grzegorz; Stankowski, Sławomir; Makarewicz, Artur; Sobolewska, Magdalena; Biel, Wioletta; Opatowicz, Natalia; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, Siedlce University of Natural Science and Humanities; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomerania University of Technology, Szczecin
    The material for investigation were grain samples obtained from an experiment conducted in 2009–2011 at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Lipnik, near Szczecin. The study compared 3 factors: two systems of soil tillage (reduced and conventional), 4 nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg · ha–1) and 3 winter spelt cultivars (‘Franckenkorn’, ‘Oberkulmer Rothkorn’, ‘STH 12’). The quality and farinograph traits of grain, flour and dough were estimated. Soil tillage systems – reduced and conventional – practically had not effect on grain and flour quality. Significant difference was observed only for gluten content. Nitrogen fertilization influenced significantly most of the quality traits. The optimal nitrogen level was 100 kg N · ha–1. Only for gluten index and gluten weakening the highest values have been observed at control variant without nitrogen fertilization. There was no interaction between cultivars and nitrogen fertilization except for gluten index. Mean values of this trait for cultivars ‘Oberkulmer Rothkorn’ and ‘Franckenkorn’ was on the same level at different nitrogen dose. Gluten index for cultivar ‘STH 12’ decreased significantly at higher doses. The results of farinograph analyses indicate that cultivar with the best baking quality was ‘Oberkulmer Rothkorn’, while with the worst quality – ‘Franckenkorn’.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    The role and scope of field studies in environmental impact assessments and environmental documentation
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Dusza, Elżbieta; Kupiec, Michał; Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Development, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Development, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Field studies have become a permanent feature of the environmental documentation system, which in turn has become a standard part of the investment process. The scope and depth of environmental impact assessment field studies is highly diverse and depends both on the type of investment and the provisions required by the relevant authorities. The paper presents an analysis of selected examples of investments in the scope of the field research conducted, along with the impact of their results on obtaining a positive environmental assessment decision. The analysis also takes into account the needs of field research, which should be tailored to the level and type of investment which is subject to environmental impact assessment.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    The usage of transgenic animals in therapeutic proteins production
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Brosędzki, Łukasz; Cioch, Barbara; Rzewucka-Wójcik, Edyta; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    Ability to create and use of transgenic animals can have a significant impact on many aspects of human life. These animals can improve medicine and provide new opportunities for the pharmaceutical or the food industry. The aim of this work is to collect available information about genetically modified animals, and the possibilities of their use in various areas of life and science. Aspects which are related to the use of transgenic animals as bioreactors for the production of proteins for therapeutic use will be discussed. The work will explain the concept of GMO, discuss the use of transgenic animals – what are benefits and risks that may be associated with it. The focus is primarily on the use of transgenic animals as bioreactors for the production of therapeutic proteins, the types of these proteins and their source of origin.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of the effect of the order of calving, calf sex and milk yield of cows on growth parameters of limousin calves
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Ewa; Wróbel, Agnieszka; Cioch, Cioch; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The study was taken in the farm located in West Pomerania province where Limousine cattle in purity of breed were kept. The study included a total of 226 Limousine calves in purity of breed, which were born between 2011 and 2014. Data relating to the rearing of calves were obtained from breeding documentation carried out on the farm. Aim of work was to analyze the effect of order of calving, calf sex and milk yield of cows on growth parameters of Limousin calves. Analysis showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01) impact of subsequent calving on birth weight of calves. Calves born in the first calving achieved a significantly lower birth weight (32.4 kg) than calves born in next calving (2–4) (respectively, 36.5 kg, 37.3 kg, 37.9 kg). In the case of weaning weight and daily gains were found significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between bulls and heifers. These factors in bulls were: 267.3 kg and 1093.3 g, while in heifers, respectively, 256.3 kg, 1048.7 g. There has been a significant impact of milk yield of cows on weaning weight and daily gains of calves. Calves whose mothers were characterized by higher milk yield (> 2000 kg) gained respectively 268.3 kg weaning weight and daily gain 1000.5 g. In the group of calves whose mothers were characterized by a lower milk yield (1501–2000 kg), these factors were respectively 244.8 kg and 993.2 g.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Evaluation of toxicity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AG-NPs) using Lemna test and Algaltoxkit F
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Chojniak, Joanna; Drobniewska, Agata; Jałowiecki, Łukasz; Biedroń, Izabela; Płaza, Grażyna; Nałęcz-Jawecki, Grzegorz; Microbiology Unit, Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Katowice; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw; Microbiology Unit, Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Katowice; Microbiology Unit, Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Katowice; Microbiology Unit, Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Katowice; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw
    In the current study the toxicity of biologically synthesized Ag-NPs to Selenastrum capricomutum and Lemna minor was assessed. The supernatants from the Bacillus subtilis cultures were applied for the Ag-NPs synthesis. The following media were used for culturing of Bacillus subtillis (I’-1a): molasses (Mol.), brewery effluent (# 6) and Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. Silver nitrate was added to the culture supernatants to the final concentration of 1 mM. The Ag-NPs presence was monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Toxicity tests were made according to OECD Guideline 201 (2006) and ISO standard 20079 (2006). In the test AlgaltoxkitF the two parameters cell growth and content of chlorophyll a were evaluated. However, in the test with Lemna minor the five endpoints including: number and total area of fronds, fresh weight (f.w.), chlorophylls a (Chl a) and b (Chl b) were used to assess phytotoxicity. Ag+ ions were considered to be the most toxic for Selenastrum capricornutum and Lemna minor than Ag-NPs biologically synthesized. The toxicity of biologically synthesized Ag- NPs was lower to S. capricomutum and to L. minor for all analyzed parameters compared to the toxicity of Ag+. However, the toxicity of Ag-NPs synthesized in the supernatant from the culture of Bacillus subtilis growing on brewery waste was higher compared to the Ag-NPs synthesized in the supernatants from the cultures of strain growing on molasses and LB media. The variability in sensitivity of both organisms towards Ag-NPs was observed.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Evaluation of the quality of surface water in the vicinity of waste water treatment plants based on bacteriological contamination
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Chmiel, Maria J.; Lis, Ewelina; Korta-Pepłowska, Magdalena; Department of Microbiology, University of Agriculture in Kraków; Department of Microbiology, University of Agriculture in Kraków; Department of Microbiology, University of Agriculture in Kraków
    Although the extension of canalization and the building of numerous sewage treatment plants in southern Poland significantly affected the water quality by eliminating the constant and uncontrolled inflow of pollutants from individual farms, it is also the same treatment that can cause local deterioration of the watercourses sanitary state in sections after the discharge of water from the treatment plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of effluent discharged from sewage treatment on the microbiological quality and the presence of Escherichia coli in the waters of the rivers. Sampling points were located upstream and downstream of discharge on 6 rivers: Wisła, Dłubnia i Chechło, Minóżka, Krzeszówka and Prądnik which are receivers of effluent from the local wastewater treatments. In the tested watercourses the number of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria was determined by serial dilution method as well as the presence of Escherichia coli by membrane filtration method. The results show that the flow of wastewater greatly increases the number of bacteria in the water which indicates that the purification of waste water does not eliminate all of the microbial contaminants. In water samples from the sampling points located by sewage the presence of numerous E. coli was also confirmed. The size of wastewater and the volume of the river had an impact on the degree of microbiological water pollution. The analysis indicate the need for continuous monitoring of plant operation and control of the bacteriological quality of wastewater discharged into surface waters.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Hydroelectric power plants in the basin of Słupia river – Touristic attraction or ecological threat?
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Bigus, Katarzyna; Astel, Aleksander; Antonowicz, Józef; Nałęcz-Jawecki, Grzegorz; Drobniewska, Agata; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Pomeranian University in Słupsk; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Pomeranian University in Słupsk; Department of Environmental Chemistry, Pomeranian University in Słupsk; Department of Environmental Research, Medical University of Warsaw; Department of Environmental Research, Medical University of Warsaw
    An abundance of ions and selected heavy metals in subsurface and near-bottom water samples as well as bottom sediments collected above and below of six hydroelectric power plants in the Słupia River basin was assessed together with their toxicity. Except some nutrients, ionic profile of river water indicates its high purity. None of toxicity was found for water samples using Microtox screening, Spirotox and Daphtoxkit F magna tests. Despite the fact that an average concentration of metals in water and bottom sediments was quite low there were some slight toxicity changes observed for sediments. Only in case of two hydroelectric power plants (Krzynia and Skarszów Dolny) sediments collected above were much toxic than these collected below. Observed changes are probably connected with natural or artificial origin of the supplying canals. However, generally hydroelectric power plants do not contribute to significant increase of heavy metals concentration as well as toxicity of both water and sediment samples. Nowadays, they play mainly as extraordinary touristic attraction enabling admiring beautiful architecture and principle of operation.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    The effect of tillage system and nitrogen fertilization on nutritional value of winter spelt wheat cultivars
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Biel, Wioletta; Hury, Grzegorz; Jaroszewska, Anna; Sadkiewicz, Józef; Stankowski, Sławomir; Department of Pig Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Food, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Agronomy, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of the Food Technology, University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz; Department of the Food Technology, University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz
    The field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, in Lipnik near Stargard Szczeciński in 2009−2011. The experimental factors consisted of: tillage systems (simplified and plow), selected cultivars and strains of spelt (‘Frankenkorn’, ‘Oberkulmer Rotkorn’, ‘STH 8’, ‘STH 11’, ‘STH 12’), and nitrogen fertilization levels (control – 0, 50, 100, 150 kg N . ha–1). Material for the study included samples of grain obtained as an average for the experimental combinations. In samples of grain were determined the basic chemical composition and fiber fractions. The research indicates that there are opportunities to shape the size of nutrient levels, which determines the use of spelt grain in the food industry by agronomic factors. Higher nitrogen fertilization significantly increased content of total protein (154 g . kg–1). Cultivar and strain factor had significant effect on the content of total protein (154 g . kg–1), crude fat (19.3 g . kg–1) and crude ash (20.8 g . kg–1) as well as neutral-detergent (114 g . kg–1) and acidic-detergent dietary (33.3 g . kg–1) fiber fractions.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    New localities of the rare species Monotropa hypophegea in West Pomerania
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Bacieczko, Wanda; Borcz, Agnieszka; Department of Meteorology and Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    This study presents new localities of Monotropa hypophegea L. – a species rare to Poland and to West Pomerania. They were recorded in the Barlinek-Gorzow Landscape Park, in the vicinity of the Płonno village, which is situated eastwards, 6 km away from Barlinek. They occur in the mixed forests that belong to the Forest Inspectorate of Barlinek, in the forest sections: 705f, 708b, 709a, and 709b. Population of this species comprises over 300 specimens.
  • PozycjaOpen Access
    Colonization of selected rose varieties by pests and pathogens
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2016) Adamska, Iwona; Dzięgielewska, Magdalena; Department of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Development, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin; Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin
    The occurrence of pests and microscopic fungi on roses in the “Rożanka” City Garden in Szczecin was investigated in the years 2014–2015. Rosa thea hybrida (varieties ‘Alchymist’, ‘Aspirin Rose’, ‘Blaze Superior’, ‘Carina’, ‘Die Welt’, ‘Fairy’, ‘Flamingo’, ‘Flammentanz’, ‘Gloria Dei’, ‘Goldstern’, ‘Ingrid Bergman’, ‘Mr Lincoln’, ‘Muttertag Orange’, ‘Santana’ and ‘Sommerwind’), R. x centifolia (‘Petit De Holand’ variety) and R. rugosa were selected for analysis. Species composition and colonization degree by pests and by fungi were evaluated. Colonization degree depended on the rose variety, observation date and presence of other biological factors. An antagonism between pests and microscopic fungi was detected. R. ‘Ingrid Bergman’ was a variety least inhabited by pests and fungi.