Wydanie 349(50)2 2019

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https://oa.zut.edu.pl/handle/20.500.12539/693

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    PozycjaOpen Access
    Analysis of the Activity of Hydroxycinnamic Acids from Green and Roasted Coffee Extracts as Acetylocholinesterase Inhibitors Using an Isothermal Method of Titration Calorimetry
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2019) Grzelczyk, Joanna; Budryn, Grażyna; Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Łódź University of Technology, Poland; Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Łódź University of Technology, Poland
    Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) is a major enzyme responsible for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This enzyme regulates the nerve impulse conduction by hydrolyzing the excess of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, decreasing its level in the brain. A low level of acetylcholine observed in neurodegenerative diseases contributes to the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary degeneration, which together with the development of AD spread in the cerebral cortex. That is why natural, non-toxic AChE inhibitors are sought for. The aim of the study was to assess the degree of inhibition of AChE activity by single hydroxycinnamic acids and coffee extracts depending on the type of coffee and its roasting. The study was carried out by means of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), determining thermodynamic interactions and parameters. ITC analysis showed that the most stable bonds and strong interactions were characterized by 3-caffeoylquinic acid with AChE, and also was the most effective AChE inhibitor. Analysis of coffee extracts showed that the highest activity to AChE was characterized by Robusta green coffee.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Content of Organochlorine Pesticides and their Derivatives in the Soil Near the Areas of Agrochemicals
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2019) Ivankiv, Maryana; Vovk, Stakh; Marcynovsky, Vitaliy; Korinets, Yuriy; Department of Animal Science and Fodder Production, Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine; Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian Region, Ukraine; Department of Biology, Rivne State Humanitarian University, Ukraine; Department of Animal Science and Fodder Production, Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
    They conducted an ecotoxicological survey of the soils of the sanitary zones of nonactive agrochemical warehouses and established the boundaries of chlorinated organic pesticide-polluted zones. Studies on dark grey, podzolized soils in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine found that there is a spatial migration of organochlorine pesticides and the degree of chemical degradation of soils is estimated.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    The Effect of Age on the Quality of Broiler Duck Meat
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2019) Biesiada-Drzazga, Barbara; Banaszewska, Dorota; Brodzik, Urszula; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities; Department of Breeding Methods and Poultry Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities
    The aim of the study was to evaluate selected quality characteristics of duck meat depending on the age of the ducks. The material consisted of 100 Pekin – STAR 53 H.Y. crossbred meat ducks of French origin. The ducks were reared for 8 weeks. During the entire period they were reared in an intensive system as broilers. The breast muscles contained from 22.15% to 23.34% crude protein, and the content of this component increased slightly with the age of the ducks. There was a marked increase in crude fat content in these muscles. The leg muscles of the ducks contained less crude protein than the breast muscles (from 21.03% to 22.34%) and markedly more crude fat (from 4.17% to 6.80%). No changes were observed in cholesterol content in the muscles in successive weeks of rearing; only an increasing tendency was noted for cholesterol content as fat content increased in the muscles. The breast muscles contained on average from 2 to 22 μg of retinol and from 10 to 28 μg of gamma-tocopherol per 100 g of muscle tissue, while the leg muscles contained from 10 to 22 μg of retinol and from 10 to 30 μg of gamma-tocopherol. As in the breast muscles, age was not found to affect retinol content in the leg muscles, but the amount of gamma-tocopherol in the leg muscles changed in a reverse in direction as in the breast muscles, i.e. it increased with the age of the ducks. The lipids of the breast muscles of the ducks in weeks 6, 7 and 8 of rearing contained from 46.0% to 47.8% saturated fatty acids (SFA) and from 52.2% to 54.0% unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). An increase was observed in the share of UFA and a decrease in that of SFA between the ages of 6 and 8 weeks. The leg muscles contained markedly less SFA and more UFA than the breast muscles.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Influence of the Season of the Year on the Quality of Milk Purchased by Dairies
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2019) Kot, Emilia; Wójcik, Ewa; Kryszak, Katarzyna; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland; Institute of Bioengineering and Animal Breeding, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
    The aim of the study was to assess the effect of the calendar month on the quantity of milk purchased by dairies and to assess the chemical quality of milk based on analysis of its content of protein, fat, casein, and urea, as well as its SCC. Analysis of milk purchased in individual months showed that the most milk was purchased in June and the least in December. Assessment of the chemical composition of raw milk revealed that it contained on average 4.18% fat, 3.23% protein, 2.61% casein, and 222.92 mg/l urea, with a SCC of 246.67 1000/ml. The differences between means for individual months were statistically significant.
  • Miniatura
    PozycjaOpen Access
    Properties of the Agglomerate and Re-granulate of Multicomponent and Multilayer Foil Waste
    (Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2019) Pruss, Przemysław; Burzyński, Maksymilian; Department of Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland; Department of Materials Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
    About 70% of all materials used in the packaging industry are multicomponent and multilayer foils. Packaging foils are produced with using polymers and aluminum thin foils. Favorable physical and mechanical properties of materials, including higher barrier protection, are the basic factors in the chemical industry. The resulting post-use and post-production foil waste creates serious problem with theirs recycling. In the present paper comparison of some practice collections obtained in the agglomeration and grinding processes are presented. Additionally, changes in physical and mechanical parameters of tested materials were analyzed. Experimental investigations revealed, that the materials obtained in the agglomeration process were better homogenized and possessed improved technical properties.