Wydanie 360(59)3 2021
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Pozycja Open Access The Proposal for Monitoring of Stoat Mustela Erminea (Linnaeus, 1758) on the Example of Poland(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Podgrudna, Alicja; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, PolandThe ability to monitor species distribution and abundance is essential to detect changes in animal population and implement conservation management programs which can prevent further deterioration of the species’ situation and help assess the progress of these programs. The stoat (Mustela erminea) is a small, extremely difficult to catch, predatory mammal which is under partial species protection in Poland. However, at the moment there are no deliberate actions conducted to protect it, and the strategy for the stoat monitoring has not been developed yet. This is directly related to various components, among which is the difficulty to develop an effective non-invasive method for capturing and identifying a stoat individual. The current state of knowledge regarding the distribution and abundance of the species in Poland is largely based on the observations reported to the coordinator, references in the literature, and photographs available on the Internet. The data, however, has not been confirmed by reliable field studies aimed to assess the current situation of this predator in Poland. This clearly indicates the need to deepen the knowledge about the distribution and abundance of the stoat in this country by starting the monitoring of the species. In this article, the first attempt was made to define the methodology needed to conduct it, which may be the base for further modification and refinement as new data is collected. A detailed description of the adopted methodology has been developed on the basis of methods successfully used in research on mustelids in other countries.Pozycja Open Access The Proposal of Monitoring of Slow-Worm Anguis Fragilis L. and Eastern Slow-Worm Anguis Colchica (Nordmann, 1840) in Poland(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Badziukiewicz, Jakub; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, PolandThe paper presents the proposal for monitoring methods of two species from Anguidae family occurring in Poland such as slow-worm A. fragilis and Eastern slow-worm A. c. incerta. Until recently, both species were considered to be the same taxon. Thanks to genetic research the Eastern slow-worm was isolated from the species A. fragilis. In recent years, phenotypic differences between A. fragilis and A. c. incerta have been described, but it has not been noticed whether there are any behavioral or habitat preference differences. Only the approximate boundary of the occurrence of both species in Poland is known. It may be important to distinguish common areas, as there are known cases of hybridization of A. c. incerta with A. fragilis in the Czech Republic and Hungary. Due to the recent isolation of the Eastern slow-worm, it is still not legally protected in Poland, unlike the partially protected slow-worm.Pozycja Open Access Monitoring Proposal of the Species Violet Carpenter Bee Xylocopa Violacea in Poland(Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie, 2021) Aleksa, Maria; Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, PolandThe main purpose of this scientific publication is to present the suggested methods of monitoring the species violet carpenter bee Xylocopa violacea, which belongs to Hymenoptera of the bee family Apidae. Despite the fact that this insect is only partially protected under Polish national law, there are very few identified localities of these animals in Poland. The main problem related to the uncertainty of the number of the violet carpenter bee Xylocopa violacea is the lack of monitoring within national borders. The proposed method of population status assessment is based on the field research. These studies include the observations of many elements of the population and the environment and on predicting what are the prospects for protecting the violet carpenter bee Xylocopa violacea in Poland. The proposed method of population status assessment is based on the analysis of species presence and abundance and the proposed method of habitat status assessment is based on the analysis of area, food base, type of environment, elements of the habitat, the nature of the surroundings and habitat stability. The proposed methods can be also applied for Xylocopa valga, which can be easily confused with the violet carpenter bee Xylocopa violacea. What is the most important – regular monitoring may contribute to the recognition of other places of occurrence and will enable effective protection of the violet carpenter bee Xylocopa violacea in Poland.