1982, Nr 96

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12539/4363

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    Kształtowanie się wskaźników płodności u krów o zróżnicowanej wydajności mlecznej na przykładzie obór RZD Ostoja Akademii Rolniczej w Szczecinie
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Ziętara, Aleksander; Błaszczyk, Emilia; Rolnicze Zakłady Doświadczalne, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Rolnicze Zakłady Doświadczalne, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    The analysis of trends of the selected fecundity indices in dependence on milking capacity levels was made, on the example of two herds of cows in cow-sheds of the Agriculture Experimental Farm Ostoja. The milking capacity and the number of milking days in successive lactations were investigated. It was observed, that the interpregnancy and interpuerperal periods were lengthened and the values of other analysed fecundity indices raised with the increase of milking capacity. The tendency of augment number of milking days, in dependence on growing milking capacity and raised values of fecundity indices, was noted. The studies showed increasing milking capacity of cows in subsequent lactations.
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    Wartość hodowlana buhajów użytkowanych w zakładach unasieniania Okręgu Koszalińskiego. Cz. III. Wartość hodowlana buhajów rasy czarno-białej odchowanych w Centralnej Wychowalni Buhajów w Bobrownikach
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Kamieniecki, Henryk; Kiewra, Renata; Kmieć, Marek; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych
    The study was carried out on 19 bulls of black-white breed brought up by CWB Bobrowniki. All tested bulls derived from 8 fathers and each one of them had at least 5 effective daughters. On the base of breeding value and milk productivity feature of fathers and sons there was counted a rang correlation-coefficient. In respect to milk productivity feature the highest breeding value showed the following bulls: Rydz 490 G, Drink 504 G, Lauzor 532 G and the lowest-Docent 431 G, Don 409 G, Denar 555 G, Lord 557 G. It was found a significant rang correlation between fat contents in fathers milk and milk productivity of their sons (r = + 0,51). For the other tested features the correlation coefficient was low and not significant.
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    Wartość hodowlana buhajów użytkowanych w zakładach unasieniania Okręgu Koszalińskiego. Cz. II. Ocena efektów odchowu oraz wartości rozpłodowej buhajów na podstawie ich synów odchowanych przez Centralną Wychowalnię Buhajów w Bobrownikach
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Kamieniecki, Henryk; Kiewra, Renata; Kmieć, Marek; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych
    There was investigated 656 bulls derived from 28 breeding fathers. The number of father’s group varied from 5 to 72 bulls. Some macro- and microscope features of semen taken from bulls qualified to insemination centres and insemination stations were examined. In the group of bulls that were qualified to insemination centres there were also determined the results of insemination. Results of the study showed that the mass semen movement, density and semen concentration in both tested groups varied only in a small range. A little higher quality had the semen from bulls qualified to insemination centres. The most morphological changes – primaries and secondaries – showed the semen from sons of Mały bull. In respect to urepatance ruit the best results gained the sons of Salfan (78,5%) and Koral (76,6%) bulls, and the worst the sons of Rimus (48,3%) and Akces (59,0%) bulls.
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    Ocena wartości hodowlanej buhajów rasy czarno-białej w zakresie cech mleczności i mięsności z możliwością ich wykorzystania w dużych fermach na terenie Pomorza
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Kamieniecki, Henryk; Kawęcki, Arkadiusz; Przytulski, Tadeusz; Kacperska, Małgorzata; Kmieć, Marek; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    Data concerning 1,226 bulls, black-white breed, were collected from 4 central breeding farms (Bobrowniki, Gajewo, Lubianka, Prusiewo) from the northern macroregion. Bulls were originated from 40 breeders, selected for subsequent breeding. Effects of rearing were evaluated using multiple analysis of variation and covariation, except interaction. The following attributes were estimated: fattening capacity of bulls, sperm quantity and quality, rearing value considering female progeny lactation, level of productive features depending on blood serum phenotypes of transferrine, postalbumine and amylase. Nevertheless standardized feeding, maintanace and care conditions, the results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) of examined values attributes (except oblique body length) considering herds and seasons. With regard to all examined attributes, it was stated, that in big farm conditions the relatively best was progeny originated from Leuwarden breeder 4988 K/S/Sz and Salfan 357 G/Ko breeders.
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    Pokarm bażanta (Phasianus colchicus) z terenu województwa szczecińskiego w okresie jesienno-zimowym
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Melosik, Maciej; Sapińska, Bożena; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt Zakład Zoologii, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    The results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) food in autumn-winter of 1978/79 and 1979/80 are presented. The food content of craw of 44 adult birds was analysed. The food composition in the two seasons was found to differ due to differences in climatic conditions. Percentages of food items found reflect their availability in the autumn-winter season rather than prove food preferences of the birds.
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    Próba oceny wpływu stosowanych w uprawach łubinu i peluszki herbicydów na występowanie owadów glebowych
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Honczarenko, Janina; Karczewska, Grażyna; Wolender, Maria; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt Zakład Zoologii, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Wydział Rolniczy, Katedra Entomologii Stosowanej, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    Studies on the effects of certain herbicides on soil insects were carried out over 2 years (1973–1974) on experimental plots of lupine and field pea at the Agricultural Experimental Station at Lipki. Four herbicides were tested: Antyperz, Simazin, Gramoxon with Antyperz, and Gesagard (in field pea). Insect were caught each year from May through September using soil holes and Barber's soil traps. Over the 2-yr period, a total of 2134 individuals belonging to various orders and families were caught. The order Coleoptera with dominant families of Carabidae and Curculionidae was represented most abundantly. The superficial soil layer (0–10 cm depth) was found to contain the bulk of the entomofauna. The studies confirmed earlier observations that the soil entomofauna is not immune to the application of herbicides into soil. Simazin applied to the two cultures proved the most toxic to the soil insects. The remaining herbicides, although exerting certain influence, did not tend to decrease the soil insects abundance.
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    Wykorzystanie mączki z kryla w żywieniu cieląt-osesków. Cz. III. Zmiany aktywności niektórych enzymów surowicy krwi cieląt
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Baranow-Baranowski, Stanisław; Klata, Wiesława; Orłowicz, Wiesław; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    The present paper is a continuation of studies on substituting milk protein with krill meal in calf feeding. Activities of some calf blood serum enzymes were studied. The experiment was carried out on the same animals as in parts I and II. Calf feeding, keeping, and experimental design were identical. Activities of amylase, basic phosphatase, and lipase in the blood serum were recorded. The results obtained give no grounds to suspect any clear influence of krill meal on the activities of the calf blood serum amylase and basic phosphatase. The activity of the first ranged within 1.10–8.22 Wohlgenuth units, while the activity of the latter changed from 22.009 to 10.899 KA units. The lipase activity showed a different pattern, an increase being found both in the control and the experimental groups. In the control, the lipase activity at the onset of the experiment amounted to 388.3 μM/min/l to increase to 616.6 μM/min/l in the 6th week of life and dropped to 235.5 and 340.4 μM/min/l. In the experimental groups, an increase in the 6th week was also observed (712.1 and 618.6 μM/min/l) to drop at the end of the experiment.
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    Wykorzystanie mączki z kryla w żywieniu cieląt-osesków. Cz. II. Zmiany liczby hematokrytowej, ilości hemoglobiny oraz białka ogólnego i mocznika w surowicy krwi cieląt
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Baranow-Baranowski, Stanisław; Klata, Wiesław; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    Effect of krill meal in food on the blood hemoglobin content and hematocrit as well as on total protein and urea contents in the blood serum of calves was studied. The calves were divided into 7 experimental groups. Calves kept on a traditional diet comprised a control; the remaining 6 groups were offered a diet containing, as a milk protein substitute, 25, 50, and 75% addition of pink and beige krill meal. The calves were observed until the age of 12 weeks. The hemoglobin content and hematocrit as well as the serum total protein content were found to undergo no marked changes, their values not exceeding physiological standards. The hemoglobin content was found to range within 7.88–9.81 mmol/l, i.e., values higher than standard ones. The hematocrit ranged within 0.35–0.25 at the beginning of the experiment and within 0.24–0.22 at the end, the values being more evenly distributed. The blood serum urea content was found to undergo larger changes: in the 3rd week of the experiment, the content rose in all the groups, both the experimental and control ones, to vary within 8.308–10.678 mmol/l. However, no marked influence of krill meal in food on the studied blood and serum components was found.
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    Wykorzystanie mączki z kryla w żywieniu cieląt osesków. Cz. I. Zmiany w zawartości niektórych makro- i mikroelementów w surowicy krwi cieląt
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Baranow-Baranowski, Stanisław; Kawęcki, Arkadiusz; Klata, Wiesław; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej, Zakład Genetyki i Metod Hodowlanych, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Biologicznych Podstaw Hodowli Zwierząt, Zakład Fizjologii Zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    The experiment was carried out on 70 calves separated into 7 groups. Calves kept on a traditional diet comprised a control; the remaining 6 groups were fed with feeds enriched with pink and beige krill meals added as milk protein substitute in 25, 50, and 75%. Contents of Na, K, Ca, Cl, Mg, P-inorg, Fe, Zn, and Cu were determined. No marked differences were found in contents of main electrolytes in the blood of experimental and control calves. Potassium and chloride contents in the serum proved the most stable, while magnesium content was found to reach the upper values of physiological standards. The blood serum microelement contents underwent slight fluctuations, values lower than physiological standard means being observed in some cases, both in the control and experimental groups. The results obtained point out to the utility of krill meal in feeding of sucking calves. The meal covers the animals’ requirement for dietary micro- and macroelements; sometimes they are in excess, particularly magnesium, very deficient in other foodstuffs.
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    Próba zastosowania śrutu z bobiku w mieszankach finiszer dla kurcząt brojlerów
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Mazanowski, Adam; Doruchowski, Wojciech; Tarasewicz, Zofia; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Hodowli Trzody Chlewnej i Koni, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Hodowli Trzody Chlewnej i Koni, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Katedra higieny i rozrodu zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza, Szczecin
    Chickens from hens imported from the Euribrid were randomly allocated to 12 groups, 72 individuals each in replicates of 12 individuals. For the first 14 days all the groups were offered identical standard starter mixed feed. Starting from the 3rd–8th week, mixed feeds based on corn oilmeal (groups I–VI) and on wheat, oat, and barley oilmeals (groups VII–XII) were introduced. In both types of mixed feeds, post-extraction soya bean oilmeal was substituted by 2.5–20% addition of horse bean oilmeal. Those chickens fed on feeds enriched with horse bean oilmeal showed a larger body weight and lower food consumption per 1 kg weight increment relative to the control.
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    Wpływ rasy Welsh na użytkowość rozrodczą loch rasy polskiej białej zwisłouchej
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Czarnecki, Roman; Kawecka, Maria; Udzała, Jan; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Hodowli Trzody Chlewnej i Koni, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Hodowli Trzody Chlewnej i Koni, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie; Katedra higieny i rozrodu zwierząt, Akademia Rolnicza, Szczecin
    The paper was aimed at studying the reproductive utility of White Polish long-eared sows as influenced by the "percentage" of the Welsh breed blood. The studies were carried out on 512 sows obtained from two piggards of the State Breeding Centre at Lubiana Pyrzycka. The animals were divided into the following groups: group I – pure White Polish long-eared breed; group II – 25% admixture of Welsh blood; group III – 50% admixture; group IV – 62,5% admixture; group V – 75% admixture; group VI – pure Welsh breed. Reproductive utility was estimated on three first litters of the sows, the following criteria being used: litter size after birth, litter weight on the 1st and 21st day, litter size on the 21st day. The admixture of the Welsh breed was found to decrease, in a significant manner, the litter size in groups IV and II, relative to group I, and to increase – in a highly significant and significant way – the litter size after birth. No significant effect of the Welsh blood admixture was found in the litter size and weight on the 21st day. The best crossing variants found were two-breed direct and back crossing for the Welsh breed.
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    Wykorzystanie suszu mocznikowanego z kukurydzy w żywieniu cieląt
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Brzezińska, Maria; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Hodowli Bydła, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    The experiment was run on 30 calves aged 2.5–3 months, divided into 5 homologous groups. Each group was offered a different feed composition. The diets studied differed in type of meal and amount of concentrate mixture, partly substituted with meal. Group I and III calves received the urea-treated meal made of whole corn plants. Urea substituted 14.9 and 23.6 g of total digestible protein per 1 kg dry weight of meal, respectively. Group II calves were fed on corn meal without urea, group IV received grass meal, while group V (control) fed on C-J concentrate mixture and meadow hay in proportionally larger amounts. The addition of 15–45 g urea/100 kg body weight was found to cause no digestion disorders in calves older than 3 months, provided a gradual increase of urea-treated feed in a food ration. Daily increments in groups I and III were larger than in other calves. The results indicate a possibility of substituting concentrate mixture for calves with urea-treated corn meal, which is economically feasible.
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    Wpływ buhajów różnych odmian rasy cb na przydatność krów do doju mechanicznego
    (Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie, 1982) Brzozowski, Adam; Bryl, Zbigniew; Czerniakiewicz, Leszek; Instytut Hodowli i Technologii Produkcji Zwierzęcej Zakład Hodowli Bydła, Akademia Rolnicza w Szczecinie
    The authors tested 407 heifers sired by bulls representing 10 Black-and-White varieties (American, Polish, Canadian, Danish, Swedish, English, German, Dutch, Israeli, and New Zealand) for applicability of machine milking to them. The tests were performed according to a special protocol developed by the Central Animal Breeding Station. The following criteria were taken into account: length and thickness of teats, between-teats width, depth of udder slit, udder shape, udder suspension, arrangement of legs, and milking speed. Significant differences were found between offspring of different bulls. The tests should be repeated on a larger population.