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Pozycja Open Access 24th Polish Conference of Chemical and Process Engineering. Book of abstracts(The University Publishing House of the West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 2023) Cudak, Magdalena redaktor; Zakrzewska, Barbara redaktor; Major-Godlewska, Marta redaktor; Kiełbus-Rąpała, Anna redaktor; Adach-Maciejewska, Anna; Adamek, Radosław; Albrecht, Aleksander; Aleksandrzak, Tomasz; Andrzejewski, Adam; Antonowicz, Arkadiusz; Antos, Dorota; Anweiler, Stanisław; Augustyniak, Adrian; Baláž, Matej; Balicki, Sebastian; Balicki, Sebastian J.; Banach, Marcin; Bartman, Marcin; Bednarczyk, Paulina; Berkowicz-Płatek, Gabriela; Bialik-Wąs, Katarzyna; Białomazur, Magdalena; Biegańska-Marecik, Róża; Biegun, Marcin; Bielan, Zuzanna; Bielecki, Zdzisław; Bilicka, Izabela; Bilska, Karolina; Bizon, Katarzyna; Blatkiewicz, Michał; Błaszczyk, Mariola M.; Bochenek, Roman; Boguszewska-Czubara, Anna; Bojarska, Zuzanna; Boroń, Dominika; Borowa, Beata; Borowski, Tomasz; Borzęcka, Nina H.; Braun-Giwerska, Magdalena; Budzyń, Aleksandra; Budzyńska, Barbara; Bujalski, Jakub Michał; Butruk-Raszeja, Beata; Cako, Elvana; Cecuga, Andrzej; Cendrowski, Krzysztof; Cendrowski, Piotr; Cherbański, Robert; Chien Hwa Chong; Chlanda, Adrian; Chromik, Reiner; Chwastowski, Jarosław; Ciach, Tomasz; Ciećko, Julia; Ciemięga, Agnieszka; Colmenares, Juan Carlos; Csapó, Edit; Cudak, Magdalena; Czachór, Krzysztof; Czajkowski, Bartosz; Czech, Zbigniew; Czekaj, Izabela; Czelej, Kamil; Czerska-Duszak, Jolanta; Czyżewska, Katarzyna; Ćwieka, Karol; Dąbkowska-Susfał, Katarzyna; de Rosset, Aleksander; Djas, Małgorzata; Długosz, Olga; Dłuska, Ewa; Dobrowolska, Katarzyna; Dobrzyniewski, Dominik; Dojss, Dariusz; Dołhańczuk-Śródka, Agnieszka; Domagała, Dominik; Domińska, Marlena; Dorosz, Agata; Downarowicz, Dorota; Dubrowska, Kamila; Dudziak, Szymon; Dymek, Klaudia; Dzido, Grzegorz; Dzienisz, Alicja; Dziki, Anna; Endo-Kimura, Maya; Ferrier, Manon; Figas, Dominik; Filip, Bartłomiej; Filipek, Elżbieta; Fiszka Borzyszkowska, Agnieszka; Florkiewicz, Emil; Foo, Dominic C.Y.; Furmańczyk, Beata; Gabruś, Elżbieta; Gac, Jakub M.; Gajda, Aleksandra; Gajewska, Marta; Gajewska, Sylwia; Gancarczyk, Anna; Gemin, Marin Pierre; Gębicki, Jacek; Gierlotka, Stanisław; Gnacek, Patrycja; Gogos, Alexander; Gortat, Izabela; Górak, Andrzej; Grabowski, Maciej; Gradoń, Leon; Grubecki, Ireneusz; Gryta, Marek; Grzegórska, Anna; Grzeszczak, Jadwiga; Grzmil, Barbara; Grzywacz, Robert; Guivarc’h, Nathalie; Gumieniak, Justyna; Guncheva, Maya; Gunia, Marcin; Gurgacz Natalia; Henczka, Marek; Hodacka, Gabriela; Hoffmann, Józef; Hoffmann, Krystyna; Hołysz, Lucyna; Huculak-Mączka, Marta; Hyjek, Kornelia; Ignaszak, Weronika; Illienko, Khrystyna; Iwaniszyn, Marzena; Jabłczyńska, Katarzyna; Jabłońska, Joanna; Jabłoński, Maciej; Jałowiecka, Monika; Jamróz, Paweł; Janczarek, Marcin; Janecki, Daniel; Jankowski, Dawid; Janus, Ewa; Janusz-Cygan, Aleksandra; Jaschik, Jolanta; Jasińska, Izabela; Jasińska, Magdalena; Jaskulski, Maciej; Jaworowski, Szymon; Jaworski, Piotr; Jeleń, Piotr; Jesionowski, Teofil; Jędrzejczak, Krystian; Jodłowski, Przemysław J.; Jurkiewicz, Martyna; Kaleta, Anna; Kaniecka, Jadwiga; Karbowniczek, Mirosław; Karsznia, Monika; Kasturi Narasimha Sasidhar; Kawiti, Derek; Kawka, Mateusz; Kean How Cheah; Khedr, Tamer M.; Kiełbasa, Karolina; Kiełbus-Rąpała, Anna; Kierzkowska-Pawlak, Hanna; Kiesiewicz, Dawid; Kijak, Edward; Klebeko, Joanna; Klem-Marciniak, Ewelina; Kobek, Joanna; Kocoń, Agnieszka; Kołodziej, Andrzej; Kołodziej, Michał; Kołodzińska, Katarzyna; Konopacka-Łyskawa, Donata; Konopacki, Maciej; Kopka, Klaudia; Kordas, Marian; Korol, Magdalena; Korpyś, Mateusz; Kostka, Aleksandra; Kotkowski, Tomasz; Kowalczyk, Agnieszka; Kowalczyk, Piotr; Kowalkińska, Marta; Kowalska, Ewa; Kowiorski, Krystian; Kozłowski, Michał; Krasiński, Andrzej; Kraśkiewicz, Agata; Krempski-Smejda, Michał; Krupińska, Andżelika; Krzemiński, Mateusz; Krzosa, Radosław; Krzysztoforski, Jan; Kubsch, Christian; Kucharska, Karolina; Kucharski, Łukasz; Kujbida, Marcin; Kunlei Wang; Kurowski, Grzegorz; Kwiatkowski, Kamil; Labus, Karolina; Lamch, Łukasz; Lanoue, Arnaud; Lanzerstorfer, Christof; Latocha, Joanna; Lavruk, Vladyslav; Lech, Magdalena; Ledakowicz, Stanisław; Lendzion-Bieluń, Zofia; Lewak, Michał; Lewandowski, Grzegorz; Lieder, Marek; Lisowski, Damian; Lubkowska, Anna; Lubkowski, Krzysztof; Luczak, Justyna; Ludwig, Wojciech; Luty, Przemysław; Łabaj, Igor; Łapiński, Marcin; Łętocha, Anna; Łomot, Dariusz; Łukasiewicz, Mateusz; Maciejewska-Prończuk, Julia; Maćkowiak, Jan F.; Maćkowiak, Jerzy; Majdzik, Małgorzata; Major-Godlewska, Marta; Makoś-Chełstowska, Patrycja; Makowski, Kamil; Makowski, Łukasz; Malarczyk-Matusiak, Kornelia; Malinowska, Magdalena; Malinowska, Magdalena Anna; Małolepszy, Artur; Maniak, Halina; Marecka, Kinga; Maresz, Katarzyna; Markowska-Radomska, Agnieszka; Markowska-Szczupak, Agata; Marszałek, Joanna; Masica, Marta; Masztalerz, Piotr; Maszybrocka, Joanna; Matlak, Adam; Matras-Postołek, Katarzyna; Matuszak, Magdalena; Matuszewska, Anna; Matyjasik, Wiktoria; Matysik, Julia; Mazurkiewicz-Pawlicka, Marta; Miastkowska, Małgorzata; Miądlicki, Piotr; Michalczyk, Alicja; Michalkiewicz, Beata; Michałek, Bernard; Mierzejewska, Jolanta; Mierzwa, Dominik; Mijowska, Ewa; Miłek, Justyna; Miśkiewicz, Weronika; Mitkowski, Piotr Tomasz; Mohd Yusoff Nurul Husna; Molga, Eugeniusz; Morawiec-Witczak, Magdalena; Morawski, Antoni W.; Moskal, Arkadiusz; Mozelewska, Karolina; Mozia, Sylwia; Mrowiec-Białoń, Julita; Mrozowski, Jan; Mruc, Patrycja; Muchel, Paulina; Muhammad Omer Farooq,; Murasiewicz, Halina; Murgrabia, Stanisław; Musik, Daniel; Musik, Marlena; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Narożniak, Ksenia; Neupauer, Krzysztof; Nieweś, Dominik; Nowak, Anna; Nowak, Bartosz; Nowak, Bibianna; Nowak, Emilia; Nowak, Małgorzata; Noworyta, Małgorzata; Ochowiak, Marek; Oćwieja, Magdalena; Odziomek, Marcin; Olbrycht, Maksymilian; Omoyemi Ajayi; Orciuch, Wojciech; Ortyl, Joanna; Ossowicz-Rupniewska, Paula; Owczarz, Piotr; Pabiś, Aleksander; Pasternak, Grzegorz; Paszkiewicz, Oliwia; Pater, Sebastian; Pawlaczyk-Kurek, Anna; Pawłowski, Michał; Paździor, Katarzyna; Pela, Jerzy; Pełech, Iwona; Pełech, Robert; Piasek, Anna; Piątkowska, Aleksandra; Piątkowski, Marcin; Piątkowski, Wojciech; Pietrzak, Monika; Pilarek, Maciej; Pilch, Maciej; Piotrowski, Marcin; Pisarek, Aleksandra M.; Piskorz, Witold; Piz, Mateusz; Płotkowiak, Radosław; Pociecha, Krzysztof; Podgórski, Rafał; Popielarz, Roman; Poplewski, Grzegorz; Pratsinis, Sotiris E.; Prochaska, Krystyna; Profic-Paczkowska, Joanna; Prończuk, Mateusz; Prowans, Bartłomiej; Prystupiuk, Kornel; Pulit-Prociak, Jolanta; Radosiński, Łukasz; Radziejewska-Kubzdela, Elżbieta; Rakoczy, Rafał; Rakowski, Przemysław; Rogala, Andrzej; Rokicka, Joanna; Roubinek, Otton; Różańska, Sylwia; Różański, Jacek; Rudniak, Leszek; Rumanek, Tomasz; Rybarczyk, Piotr; Rychtowski, Piotr; Rył, Anna; Sadłowski, Marcin; Sapuła, Paulina; Scheffs, Olga; Sekuła-Wybańska, Małgorzata; Sęk, Jerzy P.; Sielicki, Krzysztof; Siemak, Joanna; Sikora, Elżbieta; Simal, Susana; Sindera, Katarzyna; Sitarz, Maciej; Skowrońska, Dorota; Skowroński, Patryk; Słupek, Edyta; Smoliński, Jakub; Smolska, Aleksandra; Sobczuk, Konrad S.; Sobieszuk, Paweł; Sobuś, Natalia; Sokołowski, Krzysztof; Sołoducha, Dawid; Sosnowski, Tomasz R.; Splinter, Kamila; Staciwa, Piotr; Stankiewicz, Andrzej; Stankiewicz, Andrzej I.; Starodub, Tetiana; Staroń, Anita; Staroń, Paweł; Stelmach, Jacek; Stępnik, Michał; Stor, Michał; Story, Anna; Story, Grzegorz; Sudoł, Jakub; Sulowska, Agnieszka; Sumbal, Sara; Suszka, Weronika; Suwak, Mikołaj; Sykłowska-Baranek, Katarzyna; Szadzińska, Justyna; Szaferski, Waldemar; Szczęsna, Weronika; Szczygiełda, Mateusz; Szmyt, Adam; Szoplik, Jolanta; Szulczyński, Bartosz; Szymańska, Brygida; Szymański, Kacper; Ślęzak, Radosław; Śliwa, Paweł; Świątkiewicz, Justyna; Tabero, Piotr; Tan, Raymond R.; Tańczyk, Marek; Tarnowska, Agata; Tchórzewski, Jakub; Temesgen Abeto Amibo; Teper, Mikołaj; Ting, Melvin; Tokarz-Deptuła, Beata; Tomczak, Wirginia; Truchel, Krzysztof; Trusek, Anna,; Tryba, Beata; Turula, Małgorzata; Tyczkowski, Jacek; Tyl, Grzegorz; Tyrański, Mariusz; Tyszkiewicz, Natalia; Ulatowski, Karol; Ungor, Ditta; Viraj Pawar; Voon-Loong Wong; Wagner, Patrycja; Warmbier, Ewelina; Wasilewska, Aleksandra; Wasilewska, Monika; Wawrzyniak, Paweł; Wenelska, Karolina; Werner, Łukasz; Wesołowska, Aneta; Widera, Bartosz; Wieczorek, Piotr; Wierzchowski, Kamil; Wilk, Kazimiera A.; Wilk, Tomasz; Wilpiszewska, Katarzyna; Witkiewicz, Konrad; Włodarczak, Sylwia; Wojasiński, Michał; Wojciechowska, Aleksandra; Wojtas, Krzysztof; Wojtasik-Malinowska, Justyna; Woziwodzki, Szymon; Woźniak, Piotr; Wójcik, Krzysztof; Wrona, Jan; Wronikowska-Denysiuk, Olga; Wróblewska, Agnieszka; Wróblewska, Elwira; Wróblewska, Elwira K.; Wysocka, Izabela; Xiaodong Xu; Xin Wen; Xuecheng Chen; Yin Ling Tan; Yoke Kin Wan; Zabielska, Kamila; Zakrzewska, Barbara; Zawadzki, Dawid; Zbicinski, Ireneusz; Zboińska, Ewa; Zhishun Wei; Zielinska-Jurek, Anna; Zielińska, Edyta; Ziembik, Zbigniew; Ziemińska-Stolarska, Aleksandra; Zienkiewicz, Monika; Zimoch, Patrycja; Żeliszewska, Paulina; Żukowski, Witold; Żurek, Olga; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii ChemicznejPozycja Open Access CO2 Adsorption Study of Potassium‐Based Activation of Carbon Spheres(MDPI, 2022-07-05) Pełech, Iwona; Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Pełech, Robert; Sobczuk, Konrad S.; Kayalar, Gulsen Yagmur; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Cormia, Robert; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskişehir Technical University, 26555 Eskişehir, Turkey; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Chemistry Faculty, Chemistry Department, Foothill CollegeThe adsorption properties of microporous spherical carbon materials obtained from the resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, treated in a solvothermal reactor heated with microwaves and then subjected to carbonization, are presented. The potassium-based activation of carbon spheres was carried out in two ways: solution-based and solid-based methods. The effect of various factors, such as chemical agent selection, chemical activating agent content, and the temperature or time of activation, was investigated. The influence of microwave treatment on the adsorption properties was also investigated and described. The adsorption performance of carbon spheres was evaluated in detail by examining CO2 adsorption from the gas phase.Pozycja Open Access CO2 Reduction to Valuable Chemicals on TiO2-Carbon Photocatalysts Deposited on Silica Cloth(MDPI, 2021-12-28) Morawski, Antoni Waldemar; Ćmielewska, Katarzyna; Witkowski, Kordian; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Pełech, Iwona; Staciwa, Piotr; Ekiert, Ewa; Sibera, Daniel; Wanag, Agnieszka; Gano, Marcin; Narkiewicz, UrszulaA new photocatalyst for CO2 reduction has been presented. The photocatalyst was prepared from a combination of a commercial P25 with a mesopore structure and carbon spheres with a microporous structure with high CO2 adsorption capacity. Then, the obtained hybrid TiO2-carbon sphere photocatalysts were deposited on a glass fiber fabric. The combined TiO2-carbon spheres/silica cloth photocatalysts showed higher efficiency in the two-electron CO2 reduction towards CO than in the eight-electron reaction to methane. The 0.5 g graphitic carbon spheres combined with 1 g of TiO2 P25 resulted in almost 100% selectivity to CO. From a practical point of view, this is promising as it economically eliminates the need to separate CO from the gas mixture after the reaction, which also contains CH4 and H2.Pozycja Open Access CO2 Reduction to Valuable Chemicals on TiO2-Carbon Photocatalysts Deposited on Silica Cloth(MDPI, 2021-12-28) Morawski, Antoni W.; Cmielewska, Katarzyna; Witkowski, Kordian; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Pelech, Iwona; Staciwa, Piotr; Ekiert, Ewa; Sibera, Daniel; Wanag, Agnieszka; Gano, Marcin; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w SzczecinieA new photocatalyst for CO2 reduction has been presented. The photocatalyst was prepared from a combination of a commercial P25 with a mesopore structure and carbon spheres with a microporous structure with high CO2 adsorption capacity. Then, the obtained hybrid TiO2-carbon sphere photocatalysts were deposited on a glass fiber fabric. The combined TiO2-carbon spheres/silica cloth photocatalysts showed higher efficiency in the two-electron CO2 reduction towards CO than in the eight-electron reaction to methane. The 0.5 g graphitic carbon spheres combined with 1 g of TiO2 P25 resulted in almost 100% selectivity to CO. From a practical point of view, this is promising as it economically eliminates the need to separate CO from the gas mixture after the reaction, which also contains CH4 and H-2.Pozycja Open Access CO2 Sorbents Based on Spherical Carbon and Photoactive Metal Oxides: Insight into Adsorption Capacity, Selectivity and Regenerability(MDPI, 2022-10-11) Pełech, Iwona; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Kapica‐Kozar, Joanna; Wanag, Agnieszka; Latzke, Filip; Pawłowska, Karolina; Michalska, Adrianna; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Morawski, Antoni W.Pozycja Open Access CO2 Sorbents Based on Spherical Carbon and Photoactive Metal Oxides: Insight into Adsorption Capacity, Selectivity and Regenerability(MDPI, 2022-10-11) Pełech, Iwona; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Kapica-Kozar, Joanna; Wanag, Agnieszka; Latzke, Filip; Pawłowska, Karolina; Michalska, Adrianna; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Morawski, Antoni W.; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w SzczecinieThis work aimed to obtain hybrid composites based on photoactive metal oxide and carbon having adsorption properties. The materials, composed of titanium dioxide or zinc oxide and spherical carbon, were obtained from resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, treated in a solvothermal reactor heated with microwaves and then subjected to carbonization, were received. The functional groups of pure carbon spheres (unsaturated stretching C=C, stretching C-OH and C-H bending vibrations), CS/ZnO and CS/TiO2 samples were determined by FT-IR analysis. The characteristic bands for ZnO and TiO2 were observed below 1000 cm(-1). The thermal oxidative properties are similar for TiO2- and ZnO-modified carbon spheres. We have observed that the increased carbon sphere content in nanocomposites results in starting the decomposition process at a lower temperature, therefore, nanocomposites have a broader combustion temperature range. The effect of the oxides' addition to carbon spheres on their adsorption properties was evaluated in detail by examining CO2 adsorption from the gas phase. The selectivity of CO2 over N-2 at a temperature of 25 degrees C and pressure of 1 bar (a novelty in testing CS-based sorbents) calculated for 3.00 CS/TiO2 and 4.00 CS/ZnO was 15.09 and 16.95, respectively. These nanocomposites exhibit excellent cyclic stability checked over 10 consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles.Pozycja Open Access DC magnetization of titania supported on reduced graphene oxide flakes(De Gruyter, 2021-10-19) Guskos, Nikos; Żołnierkiewicz, Grzegorz; Guskos, Aleksander; Aidinis, Konstantinos; Glenis, Spiros; Wanag, Agnieszka; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Morawski, Antoni W.; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w SzczecinieDC magnetization of a series of titania nano-composites modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been investigated. Hysteresis loops observed at room temperature disappeared at low temperatures. At a temperature of about 100 K, a phase transition to the super-ferromagnetic order state was observed, probably due to the linear expansion and self-reorientation of the magnetic moments. Processes associated with magnetic moment reorientation can cause a hysteresis loop to disappear at low temperatures as well as superferromagnetic ordering. It was suggested that the isolated nanoparticle in the nanopore could be used to create a "compass" at a nanometer-sized level that would be many times more sensitive than the conventional one. Measurements of the zero-field cooling and field cooling modes do not exclude the possibility of the coexistence of a superparamagnetic state.Pozycja Open Access DFT Calculation of Carbon-Doped TiO2 Nanocomposites(MDPI, 2023-09-07) Gustavsen, Kim Robert; Feng, Tao; Huang, Hao; Li, Gang; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Wang, Kaiying; Department of Microsystems, University of South-Eastern Norway, 3184 Horten, Norway; Institute of Energy Innovation, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej. Katedra Technologii Chemicznej Nieorganicznej i Inżynierii ŚrodowiskaTitanium dioxide (TiO2) has been proven to be an excellent material for mitigating the continuous impact of elevated carbon dioxide concentrations. Carbon doping has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the CO2 reduction performance of TiO2 . In this study, we investigated the effects of carbon doping on TiO2 using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Two carbon doping concentrations were considered (4% and 6%), denoted as TiO2 -2C and TiO2 -3C, respectively. The results showed that after carbon doping, the band gaps of TiO2 -2C and TiO2-3C were reduced to 1.58 eV and 1.47 eV, respectively, which is lower than the band gap of pure TiO2 (2.13 eV). This indicates an effective improvement in the electronic structure of TiO2. Barrier energy calculations revealed that compared to pure TiO2 (0.65 eV), TiO2 -2C (0.54 eV) and TiO2 -3C (0.59 eV) exhibited lower energy barriers, facilitating the transition to *COOH intermediates. These findings provide valuable insights into the electronic structure changes induced by carbon doping in TiO2, which can contribute to the development of sustainable energy and environmental conservation measures to address global climate challenges..Pozycja Embargo Effect of microwave assisted solvothermal process parameters on carbon dioxide adsorption properties of microporous carbon materials(Elsevier, 2020-08-02) Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Pełech, Iwona; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Lojkowski, Witold; Dąbrowska, Sylwia; Cormia, Robert; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Instytut Wysokich Ciśnień Polskiej Akademii Nauk; Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Science; Politechnika Warszawska. Wydział Inżynierii Materiałowej; Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology; Chemistry Faculty, Chemistry Department, Foothill CollegeIn this work, production and characterization of carbon spheres from resorcinol and formaldehyde, using a microwave assisted solvothermal reactor, is presented. The influence of different experimental conditions, e.g., reaction time, pressure, and power, on the structure of the obtained materials, and carbon dioxide adsorption properties, was studied. Using the method described in this work, it is possible to significantly reduce the reaction time, to as low as 10 min, compared with widely described processes carried out in autoclaves, requiring several hours. Simultaneously, it was discovered that the application of higher reactor pressures, over 3 MPa, resulted in the destruction of spherical shape and the formation of graphitic layers. The importance of micropores below 0.4 nm, for adsorption of carbon dioxide, was also shown in this work. Microporous carbon spheres with efficient CO2 adsorption properties (nearly 7 mmol/g at 1 bar and 0 ◦C) were synthesized using this process.Pozycja Open Access The Effect of the Modification of Carbon Spheres with ZnCl2 on the Adsorption Properties towards CO2(MDPI, 2022-02) Pełech, Iwona; Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Morawski, Antoni W.; Kapica-Kozar, Joanna; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of General Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in SzczecinZinc chloride and potassium oxalate are often applied as activating agents for carbon materials. In this work, we present the preparation of ZnO/carbon spheres composites using resorcinol-formaldehyde resin as a carbon source in a solvothermal reactor heated with microwaves. Zinc chloride as a zinc oxide source and potassium oxalate as an activating agent were applied. The effect of their addition and preparation conditions on the adsorption properties towards carbon dioxide at 0 degrees C and 25 degrees C were investigated. Additionally, for all tested sorbents, the CO2 sorption tests at 40 degrees C, carried out utilizing a thermobalance, confirmed the trend of sorption capacity measured at 0 and 25 degrees C. Furthermore, the sample activated using potassium oxalate and modified using zinc chloride (a carbon-to-zinc ratio equal to 10:1) displayed not only a high CO2 adsorption capacity (2.69 mmol CO2/g at 40 degrees C) but also exhibited a stable performance during the consecutive multicycle adsorption-desorption process.Pozycja Open Access Effective green ammonia synthesis from gaseous nitrogen and CO2 saturated-water vapour utilizing a novel photocatalytic reactor(ScienceDirect, 2022-10-15) Morawski, Antoni Waldemar; Ćmielewska, Katarzyna; Ekiert, Ewa; Kusiak‐Nejman, Ewelina; Pełech, Iwona; Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Wanag, Agnieszka; Kapica‐Kozar, Joanna; Gano, Marcin; Lendzion-Bieluń, Zofia; Narkiewicz, UrszulaThe ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and hydrogen derived from water vapor in the photocatalytic process performed under mild conditions is presented. A new solution of a gas-phase photocatalytic reactor with the bed in the form of a UV transparent glass fiber cloth coated with AEROXIDE® P25 TiO2 was applied. The bed in the reactor is located just above the water surface. The gases circulate from above towards the water surface, where the produced ammonia is easily absorbed and continuously separated from the gas phase, shifting the ammonia synthesis equilibrium towards the product. The highest amount of ammonia (about 1.3 mmol NH4+/g TiO2 after 6 h) was obtained at 20 °C, and with the use of the gaseous mixture containing CO2 (15%), N2 (85%), and water vapour derived from water located at the bottom of the reactor. Carbon dioxide in the reaction environment is simultaneously reduced to carbon monoxide and methane.Pozycja Open Access Influence of Potassium-Based Activation on Adsorptive Properties of Carbon Spheres Modified with Iron(III) Citrate(MDPI, 2023-07-25) Pełech, Iwona; Sibera, Daniel; Staciwa, Piotr; Sobczuk, Konrad S.; Narkiewicz, Urszula; West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environmental Engineering, 70-322 Szczecin, ul Pułaskiego 10, Poland; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej. Katedra Technologii Chemicznej Nieorganicznej i Inżynierii Środowiska.; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Budownictwa i Inżynierii Środowiska.Composites synthesized from iron(III) citrate and carbon spheres, and activated with potassium compounds were prepared and then characterized using XRD, SEM, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption methods. The adsorption properties of the composites toward carbon dioxide were assessed using CO2 uptake measurement, as well as by measuring their selectivity toward carbon dioxide, given their further application as photocatalysts for the reduction of this gas. The effect of changing preparation conditions on the structural and adsorption properties of the material was assessed. The potential strength of such material is a synergistic effect between the high adsorption capacity related to the microporosity of carbon spheres combined with the catalytic properties of iron particles.Pozycja Open Access The influence of the addition of carbon spheres on photoactivity of TiO2 and ZnO in CO2 reduction process(Elsevier, 2023-09-09) Morawski, Antoni W.; Ćmielewska, Katarzyna; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Staciwa, Piotr; Kapica-Kozar, Joanna; Ekiert, Ewa; Pełech, Iwona; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej. Katedra Technologii Chemicznej Nieorganicznej i Inżynierii Środowiska; West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering. Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment EngineeringThe development of an effective photocatalyst for CO2 reduction is currently being addressed by many scientists. This study concerns the influence of the addition of carbon spheres (CS) on photoactivity of TiO2 and ZnO. The photocatalysts were tested in a liquid phase system in an alkaline environment. The suspensions of the tested materials were irradiated with UV–Vis light for 6 h. Then, the amount of the obtained products in the gas phase was analysed by gas chromatography. The identified products of CO2 photoreduction were hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane. Based on the results, it was found that CS/TiO2 and CS/ZnO showed similar activity in carbon dioxide reduction processes, however, more product amounts were obtained in experiments with the use of CS/TiO2 materials. The addition of carbon spheres to titanium dioxide improved its activity in carbon monoxide production. The maximum photoactivity of CS/TiO2 was observed for the addition of 0.1 g of CS. On the other hand, in the case of CS/ZnO materials, carbon spheres did not positively affect their performance. Nevertheless, their activity increased with the CS amount.Pozycja Open Access Influence of the calcination of TiO2-reduced graphite hybrid for the photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide(Elsevier, 2021-06-09) Morawski, Antoni Waldemar; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Wanag, Agnieszka; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Edelmannova, Miroslava; Reli, Martin; Koci, Kamila; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej. Katedra Technologii Chemicznej Nieorganicznej i Inżynierii Środowiska; Technical University of Ostrava. Institute of Environmental Technology; West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin. Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering. Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment EngineeringIn this work, a conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane, carbon monoxide, as well as hydrogen was investigated. The TiO2/rGO photocatalysts were prepared by two steps: solvothermal method and calcination at 500, 800, and 1000 ◦C in an argon atmosphere. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy (UV–vis/DRS), N2 adsorption-desorption and analysis of carbon content. The activity of photocatalysts was evaluated in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The TiO2/rGO-10 without calcination showed the highest activity toward CO2 conversion. It was found that all samples after rGO modification exhibited good activity toward H2 generation with high selectivity. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was attributed mainly to the presence of graphene due to its excellent electron transport/collection ability.Pozycja Open Access The influence of the synthesis pH on the morphology and adsorption properties of carbon spheres(Elsevier, 2023-07-13) Sobczuk, Konrad S.; Pełech, Iwona; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Staciwa, Piotr; Sibera, Daniel; Moszyński, Dariusz; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and EngineeringMicroporous spherical carbon materials were obtained from the resorcinol–formaldehyde resin, treated in a solvothermal reactor heated with microwaves, and then subjected to carbonization. The effect of the pH on the changes in the carbon spheres' morphology and the adsorption performance was investigated. In order to improve the adsorption efficiency, carbon spheres were subjected to the activation using potassium hydroxide and their properties were compared to those of the non-activated ones. The adsorption performance of the produced materials was evaluated in detail by examining nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption from the gas phase, the morphology – using Scanning Electron Microscopy, and surface chemistry – using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy.Pozycja Open Access Iron–Carbon Nanospheres as Promising Material for Magnetic Assisted Adsorption and Separation of Impurities from a Liquid Phase(MDPI, 2024-04-29) Pełech, Iwona; Lewinska, Sabina; Arciszewska, Monika; Khaliq, Abdul; Ślawska-Waniewska, Anna; Sibera, Daniel; Staciwa, Piotr; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Construction and Road Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin; Department of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in SzczecinThe composites containing various iron compounds and highly microporous carbon spheres were produced and investigated for structural and magnetic properties. Iron citrate, nitrate and chloride were used to prepare samples and the obtained products contained iron, iron carbide or magnetite. All the produced samples were characterized by high porosity and good magnetic properties. The coupling of the high porosity of carbon spheres with magnetic properties of iron compounds provides a potential application of the composites to removal of impurities from water, followed by a magnetic separation of the sorbent.Pozycja Open Access Magnetic moment centers in titanium dioxide photocatalysts loaded on reduced graphene oxide flakes(De Gruyter, 2021-01) Guskos, Nikos; Zolnierkiewicz, Grzegorz; Guskos, Aleksander; Aidinis, Konstantinos; Wanag, Agnieszka; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Morawski, Antoni W.; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w SzczecinieA whole series of titania nanocomposites modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared using solvothermal method followed by calcination. Modification of titania with rGO has been found to lead to better photocatalytic properties. The highest photocatalytic performance was obtained at calcination temperature of 600 degrees C. Electron paramagnetic resonance/ferromagnetic resonance measurements showed oxygen defects and ferromagnetic ordering systems. The linewidth of resonance line of oxygen defects decreased linearly with calcination temperature increasing up to 600 degrees C and an accompanying growth of mean crystallite size of anatase phase. The integrated resonance line intensity of oxygen defects depended on the calcination temperature and caused a very large increase in the intensity of resonance lines originating from oxygen defects, because inert atmosphere of calcination was enhanced by graphene presence. The occurrence of magnetic ordering system significantly influenced the performance of photocatalytic processes by changing the amount of oxygen defects.Pozycja Open Access Magnetic Resonance Studies of Hybrid Nanocomposites Containing Nanocrystalline TiO2 and Graphene-Related Materials(MDPI, 2022-03-18) Guskos, Niko; Żołnierkiewicz, Grzegorz; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Guskos, Aleksander; Aidinis, Konstantinos; Bobrowska, Marta; Berczyński, Paweł; Wanag, Agnieszka; Pełech, Iwona; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Morawski, Antoni WaldemarNanocomposites based on nanocrystalline titania modified with graphene-related materials (reduced and oxidized form of graphene) showed the existence of magnetic agglomerates. All parameters of magnetic resonance spectra strongly depended on the materials’ modification processes. The reduction of graphene oxide significantly increased the number of magnetic moments, which caused crucial changes in the reorientation and relaxation processes. At room temperature, a wide resonance line dominated for all nanocomposites studied and in some cases, a narrow resonance line derived from the conduction electrons. Some nanocomposites (samples of titania modified with graphene oxide, prepared with the addition of water or butan-1-ol) showed a single domain magnetic (ferromagnetic) arrangement, and others (samples of titania modified with reduced graphene oxide) exhibited magnetic anisotropy. In addition, the spectra of EPR from free radicals were observed for all samples at the temperature of 4 K. The magnetic resonance imaging methods enable the capturing of even a small number of localized magnetic moments, which significantly affects the physicochemical properties of the materials.Pozycja Open Access Magnetic Resonance Studies of Hybrid Nanocomposites Containing Nanocrystalline TiO2 and Graphene-Related Materials(MDPI, 2022-03-18) Guskos, Nikos; Żolnierkiewicz, Grzegorz; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Guskos, Aleksander; Aidinis, Konstantinos; Bobrowska, Marta; Berczynski, Paweł; Wanag, Agnieszka; Pełech, Iwona; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Morawski, Antoni W.; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w SzczecinieNanocomposites based on nanocrystalline titania modified with graphene related materials (reduced and oxidized form of graphene) showed the existence of magnetic agglomerates. All parameters of magnetic resonanc spectra strongly depended on the materials’ modification processes. The reduction of graphene oxide significantly increased the number of magnetic moments, which caused crucial changes in the reorientation and relaxation processes. At room temperature, a wide resonance line dominated for all nanocomposites studied and in some cases, a narrow resonance line derived from the conduction electrons. Some nanocomposites (samples of titania modified with graphene oxide, prepared with the addition of water or butan-1-ol) showed a single domain magnetic (ferromagnetic) arrangement, and others (samples of titania modified with reduced graphene oxide) exhibited magnetic anisotropy. In addition, the spectra of EPR from free radicals were observed for all samples at the temperature of 4 K. The magnetic resonance imaging methods enable the capturing of even a small number of localized magnetic moments, which significantly affects the physicochemical properties of the materials.Pozycja Open Access New Insight on Carbon Dioxide-Mediated Hydrogen Production(Chemistry Europe, European Chemical Societies Publishing, 2022-04-03) Morawski, Antoni W.; Kusiak-Nejman, Ewelina; Pełech, Iwona; Cmielewska, Katarzyna; Sibera, Daniel; Staciwa, Piotr; Wanag, Agnieszka; Gano, Marcin; Ekiert, Ewa; Kapica-Kozar, Joanna; Witkowski, Kordian; Narkiewicz, Urszula; Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w SzczecinieA new approach to hydrogen production from water is described. This simple method is based on carbon dioxide-mediated water decomposition under UV radiation. The water contained dissolved sodium hydroxide, and the solution was saturated with gaseous carbon dioxide. During saturation, the pH decreased from about 11.5 to 7-8. The formed bicarbonate and carbonate ions acted as scavengers for hydroxyl radicals, preventing the recombination of hydroxyl and hydrogen radicals and prioritizing hydrogen gas formation. In the presented method, not yet reported in the literature, hydrogen production is combined with carbon dioxide. For the best system with alkaline water (0.2 m NaOH) saturated with CO2 under UV-C, the hydrogen production amounted to 0.6 mu mol h(-1) during 24 h of radiation.